Among young ladies who have nothing to do with medicine, frightening rumors are spreading, like night terrors, which are passed from mouth to mouth in an ominous whisper, allegedly that some women can continue to walk even during pregnancy! At this point, the young ladies round their eyes and skeptically exclaim: “It can’t be!”

Indeed, if we recall the characteristics of a normal menstrual cycle, then during pregnancy this simply cannot be! But bleeding from the genital tract, the same as during menstruation, is quite possible. And you must clearly understand that it will not bring anything good.

Bleeding in the first trimester of pregnancy

In early pregnancy, the cause of bleeding is the threat of miscarriage or miscarriage itself.

• Spontaneous miscarriage. Perhaps the girl still does not know about the fact of pregnancy, especially if the menstruation does not have a strict cycle, and the delay is small. When there is bleeding, she takes it for menstruation without even thinking. It was in this scenario that our grandmothers and great-grandmothers had early miscarriages in those days when there were no ultrasounds and pregnancy tests in every pharmacy. The body of a woman independently gets rid of pregnancy, which already at the initial stage has some kind of breakdown. These can be some kind of chromosomal mutations, gross malformations of the fetus, possibly improper attachment of the fetal egg to the wall of the uterus, and many others. Nature very sensitively controls this process and does not allow an unviable baby to be born or to bear a child of an already sick mother. After all, pregnancy for a woman is a global test of all systems and organs. Where thinly there it will tear, and all the sores that were unhealed and that should have formed in your body in the future will come out. And if a woman suffers from any disease - be it diabetes, an infectious and inflammatory process, and many others, then there is a huge risk that these diseases simply will not allow the fetal egg to develop in the early stages, that's all. This is a kind of natural selection at the level of reproduction.
• Ectopic pregnancy. Normally, the fertilized egg should attach to the wall of the uterus. Her endometrium is like a downy feather bed, into which the future baby descends, sprouts with its vessels and slowly grows and develops. If the endometrium does not look like a featherbed, but like a bench in a cold park, of course, no one wants to fall on it! And the fetal egg is looking for a better place for itself, descending into the cervix (this is the worst option of all ectopic pregnancies, in which there is a high probability of surgical removal of the uterus). But most often, a fertilized egg does not reach the uterus, remains in one of the fallopian tubes, gradually penetrating into its wall. This is because there was an inflammatory and / or adhesive process in the tubes even before pregnancy. Her ciliated epithelium has been damaged and no longer helps the egg to move, the transport function is impaired. The danger of an ectopic pregnancy cannot be underestimated. The fallopian tube is not adapted to the development of the baby, its wall is thin, fragile, and when he tries to penetrate it with his vessels, it germinates and grows, it breaks, and bleeding occurs in the abdominal cavity. If the tube does not even break, then it rejects the fetal egg and external bleeding occurs (from the vagina), this scenario is called the termination of an ectopic pregnancy like a tubal abortion. These conditions are quite serious and to a certain extent threaten the life of a woman. It is for this purpose that you should not neglect ultrasound diagnostics if you find out that you are pregnant. Make sure the fertilized egg has attached itself in the uterus.
• Gynecological pathology. If a young lady in a position is sick with something, then this is necessarily due to her pregnancy. Complete nonsense! Before conception, she, like any other, had her own bouquet of diseases that do not disappear anywhere with the advent of a fertilized egg. Other causes are possible, but most often bleeding is given by:
  • erosion of the cervix (ectopia). She may have been before pregnancy, they just didn’t know about her. Bleeding can be contact (during sexual intercourse) or non-contact. They do not pose a particular threat, but they can add problems to a woman in childbirth when the cervix needs to be opened, and its tissue has already been provoked.
  • . Most likely, they did not know about this before pregnancy, otherwise it would not have happened. A very serious and difficult combination, the preservation of pregnancy is a big question.
• Bubble drift. A rather ambiguous pathology, which, in addition to bleeding, will give practically no more subjective symptoms. After making such a diagnosis (more often according to ultrasound data), the woman is offered to perform curettage of the uterine cavity (cleansing, as it is popularly called), since its further prolongation threatens to degenerate into a malignant process.
• Intrauterine hematomas. Retroplacental, subchorial, extramembrane or some other one way or another pose a threat to pregnancy. They are a section of exfoliated tissue of an already ingrown fetal egg with shed blood. That is, behind the placenta, for example, a cavity filled with blood is formed, and this area gradually grows, exfoliating more and more surface of the placenta. Because of this, the future baby suffers, to which less and less nutrients and oxygen come. The pregnancy may terminate and a miscarriage will occur. Or the hematoma will slowly empty, and the young lady will have bloody discharge from the vagina, more often dark blood, even crumbly. One thing is for sure, a hematoma in the first trimester is a bell in favor of trouble in the fetoplacental system in the second and third trimesters.
• Other scenarios of development, for example, with multiple pregnancy - twins, reduction (death) of one of the fetuses.

Thus, it is possible to formulate the main risk factors for bleeding in the first half of pregnancy:

1. Infectious-inflammatory factor.
2. Anatomical problems (malformations of the uterus - saddle-shaped, with a septum, bicornuate, etc., as well as impaired peristalsis of the fallopian tubes and, as a result, tubal pregnancy).
3. Immunological disorders.
4. Violation of the processes of formation of the fetal egg (chromosomal, gene breakdowns).
5. Thrombophilia (congenital or acquired syndromes of impaired blood coagulation).

Treatment of bleeding in the first half of pregnancy

In order to exclude the possibility of developing all these complications, it is necessary to conduct a complete examination and preconception preparation before pregnancy. The main groups of drugs used to treat threatened miscarriage:

• Antispasmodics (Drotaverine intramuscularly or Papaverine in rectal suppositories).
• Hemostatic drugs (Tranexam tablets or injections).
• Magnesium preparations (Magne B6, Magne B6 forte, 2-4 tablets per day for 3 months).
• Hormonal support (Dufaston).
• Systemic enzyme therapy is possible (Wobenzym 5 tablets 3 times a day)

Bleeding in the second half of pregnancy

In the second half of pregnancy, placenta previa can provoke bleeding.

placenta previa

Placenta previa is a pathology in which the placenta is too low and covers the internal os (the place where the uterus passes into the cervical canal). Presentation can be:

• complete, when the placenta completely covers the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe internal pharynx (the worst option);
• incomplete presentation - partial overlap;
• low location of the placenta (placentation), when its lower edge is located below 5 cm from the internal pharynx.

Symptomatically, this can manifest itself as follows: bleeding from the genital tract with scarlet blood, which occurs against the background of complete well-being, without any apparent reasons, without pain. Often such women are taken to the hospital by ambulance, because they woke up at night literally in a pool of blood. Such bleeding may recur. But if the diagnosis of low placentation is made in the second trimester according to ultrasound, do not immediately despair, the placenta can migrate up to 32 weeks.

With heavy bleeding and full-term pregnancy, emergency delivery by Caesarean section is indicated. Conservative therapy up to 24 weeks can still be performed on an outpatient basis, in a antenatal clinic, and after this period, mandatory inpatient treatment is necessary. The main groups of drugs:

• Hemostatic therapy (Tranexam, IM 1 g/day).
• Tocolytic therapy (Indomethacin, Nifedipine).
• Prevention of immaturity of the pulmonary system of the fetus from 26 to 34 weeks of pregnancy (hormonal therapy).
• Antibacterial therapy is possible according to indications.

Premature detachment of a normally located placenta

Premature abruption of a normally located placenta is an untimely separation of the placenta. Detachment is the same retroplacental hematoma, only large and threatening the life of not only the child, but also the mother. With a significant detachment, hemorrhagic shock occurs, a condition that threatens the life of a woman. There are well-defined criteria for the classification of detachment:

• mild degree, when the total area of ​​the exfoliated placenta does not exceed 1/6 of the entire area of ​​the placenta, i.e. its volume is insignificant. In this case, the bleeding will be external, from the genital tract, no more than 800-1000 ml in total. In 80%, the condition of the fetus does not suffer.
• moderate degree, when the total area of ​​the exfoliated placenta is from 1/6 to 1/3 of the entire area of ​​the placental tissue. Bleeding in this case will be not only external, but also internal. Therefore, if a woman sees a small amount of red blood on the pad, then most likely the remaining blood simply remains inside the hematoma and slowly exfoliates the placenta from the inside, soaking the walls of the uterus. The area of ​​non-functional, non-working placenta becomes gradually larger and larger, which means that less and less oxygen-enriched blood comes to the child. The probability of death of a child is up to 80%. The condition of the woman herself worsens, she becomes pale, covered with a cold sticky sweat, dizziness, confusion are possible.
• severe degree, when the area of ​​detachment is already 2/3 or more. Blood loss increases to 1.5 liters, and due to internal losses. The uterus is gradually completely saturated with blood. The probability of death of the child approaches 100%. Most often, a woman is already unconscious, the level of blood pressure drops, and hemorrhagic shock occurs. This is an extremely difficult condition, in which it is very important that relatives (!), namely, they will make the necessary decisions, understand that the struggle is not for the life of the child, not for the possibility of future conception, the realization of future childbearing function (with massive impregnation of the uterus in most cases it is removed with blood), but for the life of the woman herself!

Why is there such a formidable complication? There is no smoke without fire, most likely, the pregnancy itself did not proceed as smoothly as it seemed at first glance. Factors leading to premature detachment of a normally located placenta:

• Preeclampsia, or preeclampsia according to the new classification. This is perhaps the most important reason leading to placental abruption, since already from a short time there are structural changes in the walls of blood vessels.
• Inflammatory diseases in the uterine cavity, including after previous surgical interventions (abortions, curettage).
• Malformations of the uterus.
• Attachment of the placenta in .
• Blood diseases (thrombophilia, congenital and acquired).
• Incompatibility of the blood of the mother and fetus by blood group or Rh factor.
• Immunological disorders in the mother's body.
• Post-term pregnancy, i.e., the gestation period is more than 42 weeks.
• Large fetus, multiple pregnancy (twins, triplets), polyhydramnios, all that unnecessarily overstretches the walls of the uterus from the inside.
• Trauma, whether it's a fall of a woman, a blow to the stomach.

Thus, there are a lot of risk factors, but this does not mean that if a pregnant woman has any of them, she will definitely have a detachment. There is nothing absolute in medicine, everything is very, very individual. Someone, even against the background of complete well-being, can have trouble, and someone walks all 9 months with a bunch of predisposing factors and gives birth quite safely.

One of the most dangerous periods of pregnancy are the first and last trimesters. Therefore, it is not at all surprising that these periods will be accompanied by a variety of complications, which may include uterine and vaginal bleeding.

Seeing manifestations of blood on underwear, every expectant mother begins to worry. It is important to remember that the bleeding that has opened precisely in the early stages of pregnancy can result in a variety of abnormalities, and in this case, the woman needs to urgently seek medical help.

In any case, it is required to consult a specialist, since it is necessary to accurately establish the causes that provoked the appearance of blood, after which measures will be taken to eliminate it.

Blood during pregnancy, what is important to know?

It is believed that the manifestation of minor bleeding during the first trimester of pregnancy is the norm. During the first few weeks of pregnancy, bleeding can occur for a variety of reasons. Most often, small fragments of the uterine wall are rejected, and spotting of red or brown color will appear on the surface of the underwear. In the case of the norm, such bleeding should not be too profuse, however, in some cases, their appearance may be accompanied by not very strong spasms.

Even if such bleeding does not cause anxiety and soon disappear on its own, it is necessary to seek help from a gynecologist who monitors the course of pregnancy, since only he can exclude the presence of pathologies and establish the exact cause of this phenomenon.

But, nevertheless, even though bleeding during pregnancy can be completely safe, such a phenomenon in obstetric practice is among the dangerous ones. The fact is that potentially opened bleeding can pose a threat not only to the proper development of the fetus, but also to the health of the woman herself.

Some facts about bleeding during pregnancy

At different stages of pregnancy, every fifth woman is faced with such a phenomenon as bleeding. If you seek help in a timely manner, you can easily avoid a serious threat to the child. With the right approach, there is a chance not only to keep the pregnancy, but also to give birth to a completely healthy baby.

It is worth considering the fact that the manifestation of bloody discharge from the genital tract during pregnancy can be one of the main signs of the development of a threat, and also be the main symptom of early placental abruption or. If the bleeding was provoked by precisely such reasons, there is a serious threat not only to the life of the child, but also to the expectant mother, and the immediate intervention of an experienced doctor is required.

To date, the number of dangerous causes of bleeding is several times higher than the non-dangerous ones. And only a specialist, after a complete examination of the pregnant woman, will be able to determine the cause of the development of such changes as accurately as possible.

Therefore, even with the slightest discharge from the genital tract, you need to be examined by your gynecologist. There is a possibility of brown discharge (in this case, the blood has had time to clot) or scarlet (in this case, fresh blood appears).

Quite often, in the early stages of pregnancy, bleeding opens as a result of the development of such an unpleasant disease as. In this case, there is a sharp increase in blood flow to the uterus and bleeding of her neck may begin.

Also, not only the development of erosion can provoke the opening of bleeding, but also the presence of various harmless tumors directly in the uterus itself or its neck. This leads to the fact that not too much bleeding opens, while the woman will not experience any discomfort. If similar ones were found in a woman, it is possible to remove them, or over time they disappear on their own. However, it should be understood that the procedure for removing such polyps is not capable of harming the unborn baby and the course of pregnancy is going well.

Danger of bleeding during pregnancy

In some cases, bleeding from the vagina during pregnancy can cause a rather strong feeling of anxiety in the expectant mother. The fact is that the manifestation of such blood discharge in the early stages can lead to quite serious complications, which include not only ectopic pregnancy, but also the threat of spontaneous miscarriage, as well as the development of dangerous oncological formations.

Such bleeding may indicate that there is varicose veins of the external genital organs, the presence of a dangerous infection of the vagina, as well as certain pathologies of the cervix, which may be severe and require immediate medical attention.

One of the most dangerous complications of opening bleeding from the vagina is precisely the likelihood of spontaneous miscarriage. At the very beginning of this condition, bleeding begins, which can be insignificant and not accompanied by any painful sensations, sometimes the girl does not experience any discomfort at all. However, such bleeding can continue for quite a long time, and at the very end, sometimes very severe pain appears.

Also, such a dangerous condition as an ectopic pregnancy can provoke the opening of bleeding from the vagina. One of the negative consequences of the development of an ectopic pregnancy, if it is not diagnosed in time, can be a rupture of the cervix, and in the most severe cases, a threat to the life of a woman develops.

It is very important to remember that complications of this kind can carry a rather serious danger and there is a need for immediate consultation with an experienced specialist, especially if the bleeding is accompanied by even a slight ailment.

The doctor conducts a complete examination of the pregnant woman, after which he prescribes an ultrasound examination, taking into account the obtained test data, he will be able to establish the presence of inflammation in the vagina, which as a result led to the onset of bleeding. Taking into account the peculiarities of the course of pregnancy, the doctor will have to convince that there is no threat of miscarriage.

Causes of bleeding in the first trimester of pregnancy

In about 2% of cases in pregnant women, during the first few months, there is a manifestation of bloody spotting, which in its consistency is very similar to menstruation. At the same time, it is considered normal for a few drops of blood to appear on linen five to seven days after the conception has occurred. Quite often, such manifestations accompany the process of implantation of the fetal egg to the uterus itself.

The uterine os can also provoke the opening of bleeding, the appearance of which is possible as a result of active physical exercises or too violent sex, as this leads to severe damage to the vessels. In this case, the bleeding that has opened will not be too strong, while it may disappear on its own after about a few hours after it starts. Such bleeding, most often, is not accompanied by serious complications and can be completely safe for both the fetus and the health of the woman.

In early pregnancy, bleeding most often occurs as a result of a tubal or ectopic pregnancy. In this case, the attachment of the embryo will not occur to the wall of the uterus (its normal development occurs only in this case), but stops in the fallopian tube itself.

In order to diagnose the development of pregnancy, it is necessary to conduct an additional ultrasound, thanks to which it will be possible to verify the correct attachment of the embryo to the uterine wall and the beginning of its development.

Significantly increases the likelihood of developing an ectopic pregnancy among the category of women who have previously resorted to using an intrauterine device as a contraceptive. The presence of scars or adhesions, which act as a barrier to advance into the uterus of the embryo itself, can also provoke fixation in the fallopian tube of the fetal egg.

Most often, with an ectopic pregnancy, spasms occur in the lower abdomen. If a woman does not receive timely medical care, there is a possibility of a tube rupture. This process can be accompanied by a rather strong burning sensation, while bleeding itself can also increase. To eliminate this problem, there is a need for an exclusively surgical intervention, since there is no way to endure an ectopic pregnancy.

If in the early stages there was an opening of bleeding, this may be the first sign of the development of a threatened miscarriage. Most often, this phenomenon leads to an insufficient amount of progesterone in the female body, or if a course of treatment for infertility has recently been carried out, which as a result provokes placental abruption.

If rather severe pains began to appear, having a pulling or cramping character in the lower abdomen, there is a need for immediate medical attention. The fact is that only if you receive correct and timely medical care, there is a chance to save the pregnancy.

Causes of bleeding in the third trimester of pregnancy

It is extremely rare that bleeding occurs during the second trimester of pregnancy, while its opening can occur as a result of a fall or a strong blow. And during the third trimester, the opening of bleeding occurs quite often, which causes a rather strong feeling of anxiety in the expectant mother.

The process of placental abruption can be accompanied by the development of uterine hypertonicity (petrification of the abdomen occurs), which leads to rather unpleasant and severe pains in the lower abdomen, which are cramping in nature. In this case, the woman should be immediately hospitalized, after which a caesarean section is performed, thanks to which there is a chance to save the life of not only the child, but also the woman herself.

The incorrect location of the placenta can also provoke the opening of bleeding in the last trimester of pregnancy. In order to determine the presence of this pathology, there is a need for an ultrasound. In the event that a very low attachment of the placenta has occurred, then the doctor may insist on performing a caesarean section instead of natural childbirth.

But at the same time, not all bleeding during pregnancy can be dangerous and indicate the presence of abnormalities or require immediate medical intervention. Not only during the first but also the last trimester of pregnancy, minor bleeding can be normal and does not lead to serious complications.

In order to avoid serious complications and tragedies (for example, spontaneous miscarriage), if even minor bleeding appears on your underwear, you need to consult your gynecologist, who will be able to accurately determine the cause and will do everything possible to avoid negative consequences.

It is worth considering the fact that solely taking into account the manifestation of external symptoms, it is simply impossible to determine the exact diagnosis, therefore, to establish the cause that could lead to the discovery of bleeding. That is why the onset of bleeding at any period of pregnancy requires a mandatory consultation with a specialist.

Bleeding during pregnancy is a serious threat to the health and life of both the fetus and the mother. Therefore, such a condition cannot be ignored and, if bleeding of any nature occurs, seek medical help. It is a discharge of various colors (red, pink, brown) and consistency that appears from the vagina.

According to statistics, bleeding in pregnant women is observed quite often. A similar problem affects up to 20% of expectant mothers. In Russia, up to 100 women die every year from bleeding during pregnancy, which indicates the seriousness of the problem.

Causes of bleeding during pregnancy

Bleeding during pregnancy can have a number of causes, these include the following:

Ectopic pregnancy. It is characterized by the fact that pregnancy occurs and begins to develop outside the uterus.

Frozen pregnancy, in which the fetus dies in the womb.

Inflammation of the cervix.

Placental abruption.

Multiple pregnancy.

Abdominal trauma.

Implantation of the egg to the walls of the uterus.

Cervical erosion.

Polyps of the cervical canal.

Myoma of the uterus.

Sexual intercourse during childbearing. Occurs due to irritation of the cervix and vaginal lining.

Miscarriage. A concomitant symptom of the appeared spotting discharge is severe paroxysmal pain in the lower abdomen.

Bubble drift. This is a condition in which there is an overgrowth of the tissues of the placenta. With it, bleeding is profuse, but there is no pain.

Malformations of the fetus.

Low progesterone.

Bladder infections.

Placental abruption.

premature birth.

Varicose veins of the vagina.

Uterine rupture that occurs in late pregnancy. At risk are women who have undergone a caesarean section, with multiple pregnancies, with scars left after operations.

Cervical cancer.

Sometimes the causes of bleeding that occurs in a pregnant woman can be invasive gynecological examinations, such as blood sampling from the umbilical cord, examination of amniotic fluid (amniocytosis), fetal chorion biopsy.

Bleeding in early pregnancy

Bleeding in the early stages of pregnancy does not always indicate the presence of any pathology, however, such a condition should not be left without attention. There are both natural bleeding and those that can carry a serious threat.

Sometimes, at an early stage, when a woman does not yet know that she is pregnant, a small amount of blood may come out of the vagina. This is due to the fact that the fetal egg is attached to the wall of the uterus. During this process, there is a natural rejection of minor elements of the mucous membrane lining it. In connection with similar changes occurring in the body, a woman may observe small brown-brown or red discharge, accompanied by a feeling of discomfort and short-term pain.

Sometimes a little bleeding can occur at 3-4 weeks of pregnancy. It doesn't always indicate a problem. This may happen due to the fact that the woman was supposed to start her next menstruation at that time. The hormones that regulate the course of pregnancy naturally act on this process, interrupting it. That is why some blood is sometimes released. Such bleeding can sometimes continue up to the 2nd trimester, and therefore, a woman sometimes does not know about her situation.

Sometimes early bleeding can be the result of increased blood supply to the growing uterus. In this case, varicose veins of her veins can be observed, polyps form in the cervical canal. At the same time, the pregnant woman does not feel any discomfort and doctors do not prescribe treatment.

However, you should not be silent at the next visit to the doctor that bleeding occurred during pregnancy in the early stages, since in some cases they are a symptom of serious processes. In this case, both the fetus and the woman herself can suffer.

Sometimes bleeding can occur at the 5th week of pregnancy. This may be due to the Rh-conflict of the mother with the fetus. It is at this time that the laying of the hematopoietic system of the embryo occurs, and if an immunoconflict occurs, this can provoke a miscarriage. If a woman does not consult a doctor with spotting discharges and the pains that accompany them, then most often the pregnancy will not be prolonged. If the bleeding increases, clots and severe pain appear, this indicates that a miscarriage is already in progress.

At about 6 weeks, sometimes a little earlier or later, bleeding may occur, indicating an ectopic pregnancy, when the fetal egg is located outside the uterus.

It is impossible to recognize the cause of bleeding on your own, so you need to see a doctor. Moreover, in the early stages they can indicate both pathological and natural processes.

Bleeding in an ectopic pregnancy

Ectopic pregnancy refers to a pathological condition and is a complication of pregnancy. It is characterized by the fact that a fertilized egg is attached outside the walls of the uterus. This condition requires urgent hospitalization, as it causes internal bleeding and can be fatal for a woman.

The danger of an ectopic pregnancy lies in the fact that at the beginning of the birth of life, it is no different from the uterine one. A woman may experience nausea, weakness, soreness of the mammary glands.

Characteristic symptoms begin to appear for a period of 5 to 8 weeks, they are expressed as follows:

Bleeding occurs in the abdominal cavity, since it is there that the vessels are damaged. But often you can observe uterine bleeding, which is caused by a sharp drop in progesterone levels. The discharge is usually only slight, sometimes it can resemble menstrual flow. Excessive bleeding occurs, but is extremely rare.

The pain is of a different nature, it can be cutting, paroxysmal and aching, localized in the lower abdomen, followed by irradiation to the side and anus.

If the blood loss is significant, the woman may develop a state of shock. It is characterized by loss of consciousness, pallor, a sharp drop in pressure.

With bleeding, a surgical method is always used to eliminate the fetal egg. Either only the egg is removed, or the fallopian tube, in case of its rupture.

Implantation bleeding is a natural bleeding during the early stages of pregnancy. It is due to the fact that a fertilized egg tries to penetrate the walls of the uterus. This type of bleeding is not pathological and is not observed in every woman.

This type of bleeding got its name due to the fact that the introduction of an egg into the walls of the endometrium of the uterus is called implantation. By damaging tissues and blood vessels, the egg hardens inside the body of women, causing spotting. This process takes place on average on the 8th day, after the sexual intercourse has happened, sometimes the process can drag on up to 12 days. The discharge does not last long, the discharge is observed for 2 hours, no more.

It is important to be able to recognize the signs of implantation bleeding and distinguish it from the onset of menstruation or other types of blood loss.

The fact that a woman began implantation bleeding says the following:

The presence of unpleasant, but not too painful sensations in the lower abdomen. They are of a pulling nature. Caused by muscle spasms of the uterine muscles.

A short-term decrease in basal temperature. But this sign is very difficult to trace, since the decrease is insignificant and short-lived.

The bleeding itself is weak, the discharge is often light, creamy.

A woman may feel a slight malaise, accompanied by dizziness, weakness and lethargy. They occur after the implantation of the egg is completed.

Unlike menstruation, this bleeding is short.

The color of the discharge will not be as saturated.

The amount of such secretions is equal to several drops.

When an ectopic pregnancy occurs, implantation bleeding is somewhat different. The woman experiences pain, sharp and paroxysmal. Most often, ectopic implantation is immediately accompanied by dizziness and nausea. During the passage through the fallopian tube, the blood will become dark, therefore, the discharge will acquire an appropriate character.

If the allocation occurred before the specified period or after it. They are intense in nature, this may indicate the presence of any other disease. In this case, you need to go to the doctor for advice.

It is problematic to independently determine implantation bleeding using a pregnancy test. As a rule, at such an early stage of pregnancy, it does not give a reliable result and it is necessary to do it only after the first day of missed menstruation.

There is a more reliable method for determining the presence of pregnancy - this is blood sampling and analysis for a specific hCG hormone. When fertilization occurs, the level of human chorionic gonadotropin in the blood of a woman rises. Its secretion actively occurs by the membrane of the fetal egg. This method of determining pregnancy is very reliable and can be carried out as early as 6 days after intercourse. However, it will be more reliable after implantation bleeding has occurred.

If a woman has bleeding while carrying a child, it is necessary to act in accordance with the following instructions:

Abundant blood loss during pregnancy rarely begins abruptly and unexpectedly. Most often it is preceded by pain and tension in the lower abdomen.

If a woman finds spotting, then it is necessary to call an ambulance, and before her arrival, lie in bed, placing a roller under her feet.

If the arrival of the doctor is delayed for any reason, you need to drink two tablets of No-shpa and valerian extract.

Something cold should be applied to the lower abdomen, it can be a heating pad with ice or a bottle of water. But first you need to wrap it with a cloth.

It is forbidden to use douching solutions and even wash yourself so that the doctor can determine the cause of blood loss by the color and nature of the discharge.

You can not use a tampon to stop bleeding, in order not to stain clothes, you should use a sanitary pad or a clean cloth.

It is impossible to use progesterone-based hormonal agents on your own, without a doctor's prescription, in order to stop bleeding. In some cases, they help, but the doctor should determine the cause of the bleeding.

After the arrival of the ambulance, the woman will be taken to the hospital and handed over to a specialist for observation.

Depending on what caused the blood loss, the pregnant woman will either be left in the hospital or sent home for treatment. Most often, kroostavnye (Ditsinon, Vikasol, etc.), reducing the uterine muscles (oxytocin), and raising the level of hemoglobin are used for therapy. Pregnant women are prescribed vitamins and drugs that help strengthen blood vessels - Askorutin.

Bloody discharge from the vagina during pregnancy, especially in the early stages, always worries women very much. And this, in general, is correct. Bleeding in such a situation can be a symptom of a rather serious disease and pathology. However, is bleeding in early pregnancy always dangerous?

Of course not. Bloody discharge can be caused by a number of reasons, some of which are not at all dangerous. The following details all the reasons that can cause bleeding during pregnancy.

Implantation bleeding is considered by some experts to be one of the first signs of pregnancy. In any case, before implantation occurs, there can be no other signs, since the fertilized egg does not contact the mother's body before that and is, as it were, in a suspended state in the uterus.

During implantation, a fertilized egg that penetrates the uterine lining can damage a small blood vessel, resulting in minor bleeding in the first month of pregnancy.

Usually, implantation occurs approximately on the 25-28th day of the cycle, that is, approximately when the next menstruation should begin. It is with menstrual bleeding that implantation bleeding is most often confused, because a woman usually simply does not know about pregnancy during this period.

However, the nature of the discharge during this period differs significantly from the monthly. The discharge is much less profuse, and usually lasts 1-2 days. There is no increase in bleeding, as with menstruation.

breakthrough bleeding

Breakthrough bleeding is bleeding that occurs as a result of a hormonal breakthrough in the menstrual cycle. Due to a sharp change in the hormonal background at the beginning of pregnancy, combined with minor hormonal disorders, in some cases, bleeding occurs, coinciding in time with menstruation, but much less abundant than menstruation.

Such bleeding can be repeated not only in the first month, but several more times. Because of this, some women do not even know about their pregnancy until 3-4 months. Actually, this explains why it is impossible to focus only on the delay in menstruation in the diagnosis of pregnancy, you always need to pay attention to several signs.

Breakthrough bleeding is also not particularly dangerous, and is not a symptom of the disease.

Infections and erosion as causes of bleeding in the early stages

Infectious and inflammatory processes in the cervix and cervical canal can also cause bleeding in early pregnancy. In this case, spotting will appear after any traumatic actions: sex, examination by a gynecologist, physical exertion, and so on.

This group of causes of spotting during pregnancy can include, for example, cervical erosion. This phrase hides damage to the cervical mucosa, which can be either congenital or acquired as a result of various trauma diseases.

In most cases, the disease is asymptomatic and does not cause any inconvenience to the patient. However, in some cases, bleeding and pain occur.

Erosion does not affect pregnancy, fetal development and the process of childbirth. Therefore, some doctors argue that it is not necessary to treat it during pregnancy. Other experts insist that it is still worth treating erosion. The decision, of course, will still be the woman herself. Study the information, weigh the pros and cons, and make a decision: whether to treat erosion immediately, or wait until the end of pregnancy.

With an infection, there is no choice. If bleeding is caused by an infectious disease, it must be treated. And, as soon as possible. Almost all infections have a negative impact on the development of the fetus. In the worst cases, the changes can make the fetus unviable and cause a miscarriage.

Infections are usually advised to be treated before the onset of pregnancy, but this is not always done. And no one is safe from infection after conception.

Risk of miscarriage

The most serious and unpleasant cause of bleeding, and at the same time, unfortunately, far from the rarest, is this. Behind this phrase lies a whole galaxy of causes and diagnoses, some of which leave future parents with at least an illusory hope of maintaining pregnancy, some are a sentence.

Unfortunately, or fortunately, it depends on which side you look at: most of the early miscarriages occur in the first 4 weeks, when a woman simply does not know about her pregnancy. On the one hand, in this case, the hope of maintaining pregnancy falls, and on the other hand, the woman has not yet got used to, and has not even begun to get used to, the idea that she will become a mother.

The chances of fetal survival are minimal even if genetic abnormalities become the cause of the miscarriage. In such a situation, the mother's body rejects the unviable fetus. Often a miscarriage begins after the death of the fetus.

The cause of the threat of miscarriage can also be various chronic and infectious diseases of the mother, deviations in the structure of the uterus, hormonal disruptions, Rhesus conflict, and so on. The risk of having a miscarriage increases with age and also with multiple pregnancies. Women who smoke, drink and use drugs are also at risk.

What to do with bleeding?

As you can see, bleeding does not always indicate some serious threats and diseases. However, this does not mean that when bleeding occurs, you can afford to relax and not worry.

In any case, you must consult a doctor. It is unlikely that a woman will be able to make a diagnosis for herself, and at the same time not be mistaken. Is it worth risking your child, and your health, and not rarely your life.

If, nevertheless, it turns out that we are talking about the threat of a miscarriage, then how quickly the woman goes to the doctor depends on whether the pregnancy can be maintained. In addition, if the bleeding is not stopped in time, not only the embryo, but also the pregnant woman can suffer.

When bleeding occurs, call an ambulance and go to bed. Peace is the most important recommendation, which should not be violated in any case.

Getting to the hospital on your own is also not recommended. Walking and traveling in public transport is a very serious burden if you suspect a threatened miscarriage.