Albina Valerievna Tumanina
Valeology for preschoolers
According to the World Health Organization, health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.
At present, it is customary to separate the components health:
1. Somatic health is the current state of the organs and systems of the human body, which is based on the biological program of individual development.
2. Physical health - the level of growth and development of organs and systems of the body, which is based on morphological and functional reserves that provide adaptive reactions.
3. Mental health is a state of the mental sphere. The basis of mental health is the state of general mental comfort, which provides an adequate behavioral response.
4. Moral health is a complex of characteristics of the motivational and needs sphere, the basis of which is determined by the system of life values, attitudes and motives of behavior in society. Moral health determines the spirituality of a person, is associated with the universal principles of goodness, love and beauty.
Each of us leads our own way of life. Lifestyle is a certain type of human life activity, characterized by labor activity, way of life, form of satisfaction of material and spiritual needs, rules of individual and social behavior.
A healthy lifestyle is a lifestyle aimed at the formation, preservation and promotion of health.
Valeology- a new integrative field of knowledge about the patterns, methods and mechanisms of formation, preservation, strengthening and reproduction of human health.
Term « valeology» proposed by I. I. Brekhman (1980) to refer to the science of health. Preschool the period of childhood is the main period in a person’s life, and how the child’s health will be formed preschooler, depends a lot.
The problem of child development preschool age and preservation of their health is one of the topical areas of social rehabilitation pedagogical activity in social institutions for round-the-clock stay of children left without parental care. In order for a healthy lifestyle to become the norm, it is necessary to prepare children for the perception of elementary valeological knowledge.
Nowadays, children need a system of knowledge about a person, his health, ways of its formation and preservation, a person’s place in the natural world and his interaction with the environment.
Many of us wonder why at a relatively young age we suffer from so many diseases? Answer simple: We failed to maintain our health. After studying the literature and in the course of working on this topic, I came to some conclusions. If a child is taught from childhood to take care of his health, then as an adult, he will avoid many troubles. Cooperation of social educators and specialists of the center, I'm sure. will give great results.
The main goal of my work: formation in children of the need for a healthy lifestyle.
Tasks:
1. Formation of ideas about the structure of the human body and the functions of the main organs and systems.
2. Formation of elementary hygienic skills and abilities.
3. Development of ideas about the relationship between health and the environment.
4. What is good and what is bad (good and bad manners).
5. Ethics and culture of behavior.
After the first classes in I understand valeology: the topic is successful, the work needs to be continued. The children took interest in the games, game situations, the lessons themselves.
Topics for valeology in the senior group:
1. It is necessary, it is necessary to wash ...
1.1. About microbes.
1.2. Temper yourself.
2. Our helpers (of vital organs).
2.1. The eyes are the window to the world.
2.2. So that the eyes do not get tired.
2.3. Who listens, he understands (about the organs of hearing).
2.4. The tongue is the organ of taste.
2.5. About different smells.
3.1. Learn how to properly brush your teeth.
4. What do we eat.
4.1. Useful and non-useful products.
4.2. The healthiest and most delicious dessert.
4.3. We sit down at the table (how to behave at the table).
Didactic games used during classes:
1. "Guess what taste"
Acquaintance with the areas of the tongue that feel different tastes.
2. "Healthy tooth"
About what is good and what is bad for teeth.
3. "Let's smile"
The first information about emotions and events that cause them.
4. Schemes-riddles.
Related publications:
Preschool Safety It is at preschool age that as a result of purposeful pedagogical influence, health is formed, the habit of a healthy image.
Formation of independence in preschoolers Independence is the most important quality of a person, the development of which begins quite early. Sometimes it seems to adults that the baby is independent.
A week dedicated to Cosmonautics Day has passed in our group. To form a cognitive interest in the topic of space and the history of astronautics.
"Green Light"St. educator: T. I. Muratova. Musical director: N. N. Efremenko Purpose: to bring children to the realization of the need.
Psychocorrection of anxiety in preschoolers The problem of emotional distress in children, in particular, the problem of children's fears and anxiety, despite a long history, does not lose.
Recommendations for parents on familiarizing older preschoolers with Moscow. "Walking around Moscow for preschoolers" (part 1) More than 15 years she worked on patriotic education with children of senior preschool age. Compiled and developed recommendations for parents.
1. Introduction. page 3-4
2. The main part. pp. 5-6
2.1 Theoretical substantiation of the formation of the foundations of valeology in younger preschoolers. page 6
2.2 Practical part. page 7
3. Conclusion. page 10
4. List of references. page 11
5. Applications. pp. 12-39
6. Presentation. page 40
Introduction
Relevance
Currently, one of the priority tasks facing teachers is to preserve the health of children in the process of education and training. The formation of a healthy lifestyle should begin in kindergarten. Many ideas of instilling healthy lifestyle habits in children have proved unviable due to the inability to solve problems related to the family.
But the main obstacle, in our opinion, is the lack of awareness among children about their health. Parents, society have a need for his health, and all together we are trying to instill in the child our idea of health. Therefore, in the educational programs of preschool institutions there are more and more sections devoted to the study of the human body, ensuring the safety of his life. Without excluding these approaches, we believe that the main thing is to help kids develop their own life guidelines in choosing a healthy lifestyle, teach them to evaluate their physical capabilities, see the prospects for their development, and realize responsibility for their health.
In recent years, there has been a huge interest in the problem of individual human health, which is confirmed by a large number of studies by leading scientists in Russia and the world. The health of our children is of particular concern. However, the data on the physical condition of children show that the health of our younger generation is far from meeting the needs or potentialities of modern society.
The habit of a healthy lifestyle is the main, basic, vital habit.
Therefore, the preschool institution and the family are called upon in preschool childhood to lay the foundations for a healthy lifestyle using various forms of work.
determination of the conditions for the successful formation of the foundations of a healthy lifestyle in children of primary preschool age in a preschool educational institution.
1. To form cultural and hygienic skills in children. To develop in children an understanding of the importance and necessity of hygiene procedures.
2. Give children basic information about their body.
3. To help form children's interest in physical culture and the need for a healthy lifestyle.
4. Arouse interest in further self-knowledge.
Practical significance.
The process of forming a healthy lifestyle in younger preschoolers through the organization of a healthy lifestyle in a preschool educational institution, through the educational area "Health", is a necessary condition for the acquisition and development of integrative qualities and the formation of a child's personality.
The necessary conditions have been created for children's health protection, which include the integration of educational areas ("Health", "Safety", "Physical Education", "Communication", "Socialization").
In our preschool educational institution, we are working closely with the family to form the foundations of valeological education. Work in this area allows adults to be interested in the possibilities of children, show achievements, results, and organize joint holidays and leisure activities.
Our work is dominated by such a form of cooperation as partnership.
Main part
2.1 Theoretical substantiation of the process of forming the foundations of valeological education in children of primary preschool age.
Valeology is the science of a healthy lifestyle, the preservation, formation and management of health.
The term "valeology" comes from the Latin words "vale", which means "to be healthy" and "logos" - "science". Thus, valeology is the science of health. The ancient Romans often congratulated each other with the word "Vale!" - "Be healthy."
Valeology as a science arose not so long ago. The "father" of modern valeology is called the Russian scientist I. I. Brekhman, who in 1982 scientifically substantiated the need for health care for practically healthy people. The subject of study of valeology is a healthy person, therefore, the term valeology is often explained as the science of human health or the health of the healthy.
In relation to preschool education, valeology aims to teach children the basic hygiene rules and norms, promote health and instill healthy lifestyle skills: active work, rational rest, hardening, physical education and self-development, rational and nutritious nutrition, personal hygiene, timely access to doctor.
Practical part
2.2 Planning for project implementation
Work on the formation of the foundations of valeological education through the organization of educational activities (educational areas: "Health", "Knowledge", "Communication").
1. Summary of the lesson in the second junior group
"Befriend Water"
Create a positive attitude towards cultural and hygienic skills.
1. To form cultural and hygienic skills (washing, dressing, brushing teeth, combing, bathing, learn to show these movements with the help of facial expressions and gestures.
2. To develop in children an understanding of the importance and necessity of hygiene procedures.
3. Exercise in the correct pronunciation of the sound "sh" and teach children to pronounce it for a long time on one exhale.
4. To cultivate goodwill, responsiveness, the ability to sympathize.
2. Synopsis of GCD on valeology in the younger group
"Goodnight"
Help children understand the meaning of sleep.
To form in children a caring attitude towards their health, emotionally read a poem, sing a song, perform movements in accordance with the music.
Develop the ability to draw simple conclusions; develop interest in oral folk art; the ability to guess riddles, fix the names of animals, imitate their movements.
Cultivate a positive attitude towards hygiene procedures
3. Synopsis of entertainment in the younger group
"How to become stronger than a wolf!"
Purpose: activation of positive emotions, consolidation of knowledge about the purpose of parts of the human body.
Tasks: to help form in children an interest in physical education and a healthy lifestyle.
Interaction with family
* Questionnaire-test for parents "Grow up healthy".
Purpose: to find out the problems that parents have in raising a healthy child, as well as to analyze the knowledge of parents about a healthy lifestyle.
* Valeological newspaper "Grow healthy". Issue #1; Issue #2.
Purpose: education of parents and additional information about a healthy lifestyle for preschoolers.
Conclusion
I chose this topic because I want children to grow up healthy and dexterous, strong and courageous.
And to educate them like that is the task of each of us. After all, it is a healthy child that is the key to the duration of civilization.
The overarching goal of our work is to promote a healthy and creative lifestyle, to form a desire in a child to make himself better, stronger, smarter, to teach him to fantasize and do business, in other words, to create his own magnificent world and make it a reality.
By observing these conditions, you can achieve certain results, namely:
Activation and interest of children and parents in matters of valeology.
The development of cognitive activity of children in the assimilation of knowledge about hygiene, and about the elementary structure of a person.
Establishment of mutual trust between the teacher and parents in matters of valeological education.
Decreased incidence in the group.
Bibliography
1. Terpugova, E. A. "Valeological education of preschool children" Rostov-on-Don., ed. "Phoenix", 2007.- 254 p.
2. Pavlova, P. A. "Grow up healthy, baby!" [text] / P. A. Pavlova. -M LLC "TC Sphere", 2006 -93 p.
3. // Preschool education No. 11, 2004
4. Kozlova, S. A. "I am a man" - Moscow: "School Press", 2005.-52 p.
5. Telenchi, V. I. Hygienic foundations for raising children from 3 to 7 years old. M., Enlightenment 1987.-143 p.
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Do you know that VALEOLOGY Is this the science of cultivating healthy lifestyle habits?
Since 2010, I decided to take the topic of self-education - valeology. "Valeology" reflects all aspects of a single direction of work with preschoolers to form views on a healthy lifestyle. The question of teaching a child a conscious attitude to his health is an important problem. Children get sick a lot, there is a decrease in immunity. Therefore, I wanted to work deeper on this topic. The most interesting and incomprehensible thing for a child is himself. Who am I? What am I? What can I do? What do I have inside? How was I born? These are just some of the questions the child asks. He cannot answer them on his own, the child needs the help of an adult.
I started my work on the topic "What preschoolers can know about a person", I started with the older group. It is older children who want to learn more about themselves and in more detail.
Stages of work:
1. Collection of material, literature, searched for information in various encyclopedias, conducted conversations and questionnaires with parents and children.
2. Direct work with children.
I set the goal of various classes to "Introduce children to a person." Given the visual - effective and visual - figurative nature of the thinking of preschoolers, she gave the material of her classes with the help of visual and practical teaching methods. For this I used:
Observation
Survey
self-examination
Experiment
Children's own productive activities
Problem methods
In the older group, the classes were of an introductory nature, and in the preparatory group, a more in-depth study of the material.
Working according to the program of Vasilyeva, where all classes are interconnected, I added some topics of classes in valeology to the program, that is, I expanded the topic of the main classes.
For example:
In a traditional physical education class, I introduced a game: "Which is better: arms or legs?" (Goal: to find out the similarities and differences in the structure and meaning of arms and legs).
In the classes on the development of speech, I gave primary knowledge about the language, explained to the children how speech is formed in a person.
In the drawing class, the children drew their heart as they imagine it, their dreams.
When reading fiction, she consolidated cultural and hygienic skills, brought up a sense of compassion, a desire to help, bring joy.
The topics of classes that were not included in Vasilyeva's program, I conducted in the afternoon.
I tried to choose the topics of classes taking into account the age characteristics of children, their interests.
1. "The external structure of the body and the possibilities of the organism"
2. "Skin is a helper"
3. "Skeleton and muscles"
4. "Heart in a person's life"
5. "Journey of airmen"
6. "About the amazing transformations of food inside us"
7. "What are microbes?"
8. "Sense Organs"
9. "Why do we have two eyes?
When getting acquainted with such concepts as "microorganisms", children get acquainted with a microscope, examine skin cells, blood cells.
Classes are held in different forms:
Observation and self-observation, didactic games are used: "Dangerous - not dangerous", "I can - I can't", "What is good and what is bad", "Why does a person need sense organs?"
Role-playing games: "Hospital", where there is an acquaintance and consolidation of first aid techniques, how to apply a bandage, how to provide assistance with cuts and bruises, sunstroke.
Outdoor games and excursions: "Journey to the kitchen", where children get acquainted not only with the process of cooking, but also learn about healthy foods and vitamins. In the preparatory group, I conducted a lesson: "Healthy Products", where the children prepared a vitamin salad themselves, they were so interested in it that at home they prepared a salad not only from apples, but also from other fruits. Then, seeing the interest of the children, I suggested to the parents
to hold a joint event "The Best Dish of Our Family", where parents took an active part, brought dishes that contain healthy products, the children themselves told how they and their mother made this or that dish.
In all classes, children are given the opportunity to self-examine their bodies, to participate in experimental activities.
Let's do an experiment:
Close your eyes and tell me what object is in my hands?
Can you? Why?
Now close your eyes again. (Bell rings) Now what
Is the item in my hands?
Why did you guess that this is a bell, because you did not see it.
Conclusion: Which sense organ helped us?
Game activity in the classroom is of high cognitive interest. For children who have shown an increased interest, I offer additional stories, conversations, viewing encyclopedic illustrations, additional information.
To understand the importance of each human organ and how to keep this organ healthy, together with the children we make different rules:
"Rules for good hearing"
"Healthy Nose Rules"
"Healthy Rules"
Children from preschool age should know that a healthy lifestyle is a necessary condition for existence, therefore the material of each lesson inspires children that life and health are of great value and must be treated with intelligence, respect and awe.
Having sent my children to school, I decided to continue working to improve the health of children through valeology. And I started working with children from the middle group. First, I introduced children to the external structure of the human body, the capabilities of the body. Using different methods and techniques, the children's cognitive interest increased. Acquainted with the program of M. L. Lazarev, she began to use fairy-tale little men - Zdorovyachkov in her work. Working from this year on the program "From Birth to School"
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Valeology program "Baby"
Department of Education of the Kansk District Administration.
Municipal preschool educational institution
"Filimonovsky kindergarten of a general developmental type."
(Valeology program for preschool children aged 5-7)
N. A. Kiryanova - senior educator
Filimonovsky kindergarten, higher
O. A. Martynova - instructor in
physical culture Filimonovsky
kindergarten, first qualifying
S. Filimonovo
Explanatory note….
Introduction….
1. Thematic plan. Senior group….
2. Thematic plan. Preschool group...
3. Applications.
3.1. Integrated valeological classes….
3.2. Scheme. Models.
3.3. Drawings.
3.4. Photo.
Explanatory note.
Purpose: To optimally implement the valeological direction, taking into account the individual developmental opportunities of the child in all periods of preschool childhood.
The concept of the program is based on the following principles:
Availability -
* from simple to more complex;
* the child can and should be active in relation to his health;
* the child must know himself, learn to take care of his health in a special way;
* the educator must realize the importance of this work and make every effort to ensure that children learn how to protect their health, understanding what they are doing and why;
* Conscious ideas about a healthy lifestyle.
Versatility -
The program proceeds from the need to include corrective exercises in all activities.
Openness -
For all participants in the educational process (children-caregivers-parents).
Progressives -
The program proceeds from the need for self-development, self-improvement of both the child and teachers and parents.
Advisory -
The program proceeds from the need for a new, more effective method of solving problems and making decisions.
Spiritual qualities -
The program proceeds from the fact that it is necessary to cultivate spiritual qualities, such as kindness, love and respect, nobility.
Moral education -
The program proceeds from the need to involve parents in the moral education of children.
1. Familiarization of children with the anatomical and physiological organization of a person, instilling hygiene skills.
2. Formation of an individual lifestyle in children.
3. The acquisition of positive habits, and most importantly, to teach you how to manage your body in order to maintain and strengthen your health.
4. Formation in children of ideas about the relationship of health status with food hygiene.
5. Education of ideas about the value of each person, his life.
6. Development of logical thinking.
7. To teach children elementary self-massage, to acquaint, teach children to correctly perform corrective exercises.
Guidelines
In the senior and preparatory group for school, classes in valeology are held once a month for 30 minutes.
At 6-7 years of a child's life, increased cognitive interests, expanding the range of knowledge and ideas give him the opportunity to realize himself, understand his meaning, his role in life, in society.
In the preparatory group for school, children deepen and concretize their ideas about their bodies, organs, medicines, medicine, diseases and how to prevent them. All this is done in an accessible way.
The teacher of this group faces serious tasks:
Help the preschooler to gain experience and the necessary amount of knowledge, on which the strengthening of his physical and mental health will be based in the future;
Encourage children to self-knowledge, involve them in the process of physical development;
To form in a preschooler the skills of self-regulation of behavior, aimed at further development of the function of maintaining and strengthening their health.
At different times, you need to ask developmental questions:
What does it mean to be healthy?
Have you ever been sick?
What do you remember about your illness?
How did adults treat you?
What happened to you during your illness?
What did you think about when you were sick?
What do you think should be done in order not to get sick?
What would you advise kids?
How can you help them so they don't get sick?
How can you help grandma when she's not well?
If there is a lot of sweets, what will happen?
What do you think is healthier: carrots or chocolate?
Why do people brush their teeth?
What is soap for?
As a rule, in ordinary practice, teachers make do with instructions or separate explanations about what is useful and what is harmful, what can be dangerous.
It is necessary to systematically organize:
health talks,
cultivate a caring attitude towards your body,
conduct didactic games on this topic,
organize mobile, plot-role-playing games.
Invite a doctor, a nurse to a lesson, go on an excursion to the medical office.
It is important to organize work with children in such a way that they clearly understand the need for it.
The implementation of this program is carried out in the process of integrated classes in kindergarten, and the close relationship of the educator with teachers of additional education (music director, physical education instructor, speech therapist, psychologist) with the kindergarten nurse, pediatrician of the district hospital.
When carrying out the pedagogical process, it is important to take into account the age characteristics and interests of each child, which will help to activate cognitive, creative and search activities.
To effectively achieve the goal, it is necessary to organize work with parents through the improvement of forms and methods of work.
Introduction.
Before you is the "Baby" program, compiled by practitioners with extensive experience (senior educator and physical education instructor). The program proceeds from the existence of such problems as strengthening the psychophysical health of frequently ill children, and is aimed at developing in preschoolers the idea of health as one of the main values of life, the skills of self-regulation of behavior, and the development of the function of maintaining and strengthening their health in the future. The concept of "health" is very broad and complex. There is no single definition of it, however, the definition of “health” is accepted as such a state of the body, when the functions of all its organs and systems are balanced with the external environment and there are no painful changes.
Control over the state of health of children is the basis of all preventive, health-improving and educational work in a preschool institution.
We have developed a system of valeological classes, which are built taking into account the psychological characteristics of children aged 5-7 and are designed for children of the 1st and 2nd health groups. The content and methods of teaching help to meet the needs of children to know their own bodies and take care of their health.
Among the methods, one should single out observation, introspection, conversations, looking at pictures, tables, illustrations, didactic outdoor games, and corrective exercises.
The program is built in the form of separate integrated lessons, which, in an accessible form for preschoolers, talk about the structure of the human body, the causes of diseases and ways to maintain and improve health.
The "Baby" program has a thematic structure, one topic logically flows into another, and each of them touches on important aspects in a person's life. A feature of this program is its integrativity, which allows you to combine various elements of the educational process. Valeological classes are naturally intertwined with classes on the development of speech, familiarization with the outside world, physical culture, fine arts, and music.
The program consists of 16 detailed lessons for children of the senior and preparatory groups for school.
The lessons use:
* health-improving complexes of respiratory gymnastics, for frequently ill children;
* exercises to correct posture;
* breathing exercises;
* visual gymnastics according to the method of V. A. Kovalev;
* point massage;
* exercises for the prevention of flat feet;
* relaxation exercises - APG (anti-stress plastic gymnastics);
* games with elements of TRIZ - pedagogy;
* music therapy.
Under the guidance and supervision of a medical worker, children learn acupressure, self-massage, and correctly perform corrective exercises.
The classes also include poems, riddles, which arouses the interest of children, joy and pleasure.
The "Kid" program is not of a strict regulatory nature. It is important that during the year the children get acquainted with the characteristics characteristic of a person: the external structure, the functions of the body parts.
The main idea in the implementation of this program is the idea of developmental education. Building our educational work, we relied on the recommendations of such authors: V. I. Usakov, V. A. Kovalev, G. K. Zaitsev, V. V. Kolbanov, M. G. Kolesnikov, G. N. Svetlichnaya, I. I. Semennova and others.
Forms of work with children:
Educational integrated classes,
Physical culture and health holidays,
KVN - quizzes,
Excursions and hikes,
Corrective exercises (breathing and visual gymnastics, acupressure, self-massage,
health days,
sports weeks,
Olympics,
Inventing fairy tales of valeological content,
Creation of mental images, APG (anti-stress plastic gymnastics),
hardening procedures.
Game Interactions:
* didactic games,
* role-playing games,
* construction,
* mobile,
* musical,
* dramatizations,
* various types of theaters - puppet, finger, glove, table, parsley ...
Means of education.
The execution of the program requires the use of various means:
Models of human organs and posters, pictures depicting a person, his skeleton, his muscular system,
Models, schemes,
Visual illustrations, pictures of valeological content,
video footage,
audio cassettes,
Methodical literature,
Children's fiction at the valeological course,
encyclopedias and reference books
1.1 Joint work of teachers with parents.
The task of teachers is to interest parents in the prospects for the valeological direction of development of children, to involve them in the life of the preschool educational institution, to make them allies in their work.
Forms of interaction with parents:
consultations (medical assistant, pediatrician, speech therapist, psychologist,
individual conversations,
parent meeting,
round tables,
living rooms,
questioning,
master classes,
joint activities (classes, leisure activities, holidays, trips)
participation in regional, regional, Russian competitions (from Nestle "Talk about proper nutrition", "Bee Planet")
cooperation with the company "Tentorium",
joint production of costumes and scenery, albums of family photos on the topic of proper nutrition,
development of classes and holidays on proper nutrition and a healthy lifestyle,
informing parents through visual agitation.
The work of teachers and medical workers in the implementation of the program.
A) The nurse of the preschool educational institution, together with the pediatrician of the Filimonovskaya district hospital, distribute the children into health groups and bring them to the attention of the teachers. B) Guidance and supervision of a nurse for children studying acupressure, self-massage, the correct implementation of corrective exercises.
Stage 2. We clarify with preschoolers in a playful way, knowledge about the names and position of various organs and body parts in humans and animals.
We fix the attention of children on their organs, body parts, consolidate the relevant knowledge.
Stage 3. We find out the preschooler's understanding of the purpose of organs and parts of the body.
Stage 4. Developmental training. Answers to children's questions (how organs function, how they are arranged, what are their features).
Stage 5 Mastering the ways of caring for your organs and body parts (practical exercises).
Stage 6 Raising a sympathetic, kind attitude towards people with disabilities; friendly attitude to each other, animals and birds, to all living things.
Thematic plan
Senior group
Topic Didactic material Number of lessons
Lesson 1. "Lessons of Moidodyr"
Teaching children the rules of personal hygiene.
The formation of the concept in children: "a cultured, well-mannered person takes care of cleanliness, health"
3. Education in children of respect and friendly relations to each other.
K. Chukovsky "Moydodyr",
Fairy tale character "Moidodyr",
A series of training tables "Teach the baby",
Physical education "Unexpected incident",
d / and “We do exercises” (using diagrams,
Record player,
Cassette. one
Lesson 2. "Lessons of Dr. Aibolit."
Continue to acquaint children with the rules of personal hygiene.
Formation in children of ideas about the taste organs; about healthy products.
Education of ideas about the value of each person. - Riddles about Aibolit,
Models, illustrations of fruits, vegetables, products,
D / and “Spread out the products” (dairy, meat, confectionery, etc.,
Dynamic game "Train",
Game "What not to share."
Record player,
Cassette. one
Lesson 3. "Dreams in a person's life."
Purpose: To give clear ideas about the cyclical nature of human life, increase attention to internal self-perceptions, teach them to be aware of them and express them in speech, teach elementary methods of mental hygiene. - The story about the Hedgehog and the Bear cub (Kiryanova,
Educational tables "Teach the baby",
Fizkultminutka,
D / and “What is superfluous? "(about the time of day,
A. Vvedensky "Dreams",
relaxation exercise,
Record player,
Cassette. one
Lesson 4. "Language".
Familiarization of children with the organ of touch.
Formation of initial ideas about the basic principles of food hygiene, the meaning of taste sensations, development of speech, culture of behavior at the table.
Education of goodwill, tolerance towards each other. - The Tale of the Merry Tongue,
Looking is a mirror
study tables,
Fairy tale character Maryushka,
The game "Advice of Maryushka" (about the rules of etiquette,
Game "Guess"
Physical education on the topic "Food",
Game "Give a Complement"
tape recorder, cassette,
D / and "Guess by taste",
C / r game "Shop",
Dynamic game "Train"
Lesson 5. “Why does a person need a nose? »
Purpose: To give a general idea of the organ of smell - the nose, its meaning. Familiarization of children with nose massage, hygiene rules. Raising respect for other people. The development of speech, thinking. - New knowledge,
study tables,
developing questions,
Breathing exercises "On the sea",
cold remedy,
Salt and Pepper Experiment
D / and on the connection of visual and olfactory sensations,
tape recorder, cassette,
The Guess Game. one
Lesson 6. "I smell."
Purpose: to continue to form in children an idea of the organs of smell, their hygiene; speech development; the ability to classify, correlate objects and features; formation of skills of culture of behavior; education of goodwill, tolerance towards peers. - d / and "Identify by smell",
food set,
D / and "Pick up the opposite words",
Set of products and cosmetics,
Physical education "We are building a house" - a set of breathing exercises,
Exercise "Revive the Stone"
new knowledge,
Tape recorder, cassette. one
Lesson 7. "Teeth".
Purpose: Familiarize children with the digestive organ - teeth. To form initial ideas about them, about the beauty of teeth. Cultivate a positive attitude towards your health. - Study table,
vitamins,
Y / and “Who bothered? ",
D / and "Make no mistake",
Physical education "One-two - islands",
toothbrushes, toothpaste,
tape recorder, cassette,
Fairy tale character Doctor Aibolit,
Lesson 8. “Eyes. I look, I see."
Goal: Familiarize children with the organ of vision - the eye. To form initial general ideas about this organ, its significance, hygiene; about the beauty and originality of the eyes of different people and animals. Education of a culture of behavior in the classroom. - study table,
Exercise: for classification,
: for comparison,
: on the development of color,
D / and "Answer quickly",
Fizkultminutka "How are you guys? ",
Massage "Sculpting a beautiful face",
hygiene rules,
Game competition "Rules of conduct in the classroom",
tape recorder, cassette,
Complex of visual gymnastics with a ball.
Thematic plan
preschool group
Topics of classes Didactic material Number of classes
Lesson 1. "Man".
To acquaint children with the characteristics characteristic of a person: external structure.
To form the skills of speech, communication, elementary logical operations.
Cultivate an idea of the value of each person.
Painting,
Finger gymnastics (complex,
Riddles about body parts
game "acquaintance",
game "Find out by description",
Felt pens, writing paper. one
Lesson 2. “Who am I? »
Continue to acquaint children with the characteristics characteristic of a person: gender, age, height, physique.
Build self-esteem.
Education of femininity in girls, masculinity in boys (in everyday life). - training tables,
Riddles,
Illustrations,
A complex of visual gymnastics with a butterfly,
M / p game "Inflatable Pinocchio",
System operator "Kid",
Game in the circle "Give a complement",
Relaxation exercise "Butterfly",
Tape recorder, cassette. one
Lesson 3. “The support and engines of our body. I am moving".
To acquaint preschoolers with the function of the skeleton and muscular system in the body.
Formation of skills of beautiful and precise movements.
Education of a conscious attitude to physical education. - P. Sinyavsky "Charging",
Fizkultminutka "We can do it too",
study tables,
Catch the ball game
Rules,
Complex of rhythmic gymnastics "Gypsy",
Tape recorder, cassette. one
Lesson 4. "What is the human heart."
Give a general idea of the importance of the heart for the human body.
To form a consciously correct attitude towards the implementation of games and exercises that are useful for improving health.
Education of care, respect for peers. - study table,
Rules,
Relay race "Bloody steamboats",
Practice "Teaching children to determine their pulse",
Valeological introspection,
relaxation exercise,
Tape recorder, cassette. one
Lesson 5. "I breathe."
Introduce preschoolers to lung function in humans.
To form an understanding of the human respiratory system.
Education of hygiene skills. - study table,
developing questions,
Complex of respiratory gymnastics "Firefighters",
tape recorder, cassette,
M / n game "Collect a human figure" - cut lotto,
Game-technique "Angry balls". one
Lesson 6. “Why do we need skin? »
Introduce children to the largest organ of the body - the skin.
To form a general idea of its meaning, hygiene, beauty and color of people of different nationalities.
Raising respect for people of different nationalities.
Modeling of objects and phenomena. - training tables,
Illustrations,
Valeological introspection,
Practice with different colors
Fizkultminutka,
P / and "Hello",
hand massage,
Painting,
memo,
Tape recorder, cassette. one
Lesson 7. "Delicious lesson."
Continue to familiarize children with taste organs.
Form ideas about useful and necessary products for a person; familiarization with the rules of hygiene, culture of behavior; speech development.
Raising a consciously correct attitude towards one's own health and the health of those around. - illustrations,
product set,
Test "The most useful products",
Game-competition "Lay out the products",
D / and “What not to share”,
Game "Cooks"
Fizkultminutka "Although we have a lot of cases ...",
Task - "Choose a rhyme",
- “Very, very tasty cake”,
Valeological introspection. one
Lesson 8. “Eyes. »
Consolidation in children of knowledge about the organ of vision - the eye.
Continue to form general ideas about this organ, its significance, hygiene, beauty and uniqueness of the eye.
Education of a culture of behavior in the classroom.
Exercise for the development of speech, observation,
Conversation on questions
D / and "Rainbow",
Physical education "At the zoo",
Painting,
New knowledge,
Gymnastics for the eyes
vision hygiene,
D / and "hens and roosters".
Final lesson: "Man".
Purpose: to continue to develop the cognitive activity of children in the process of learning about their health; to form in children self-esteem of individual features of their health, to understand what needs to be changed in their lifestyle in order to strengthen the body, that is, to learn how to manage their body. - Children's drawings,
system operator,
D / and "Make a chain",
m/n game "Who is the most attentive",
Fairy tale character Markesh,
space capsule,
Audio cassette, tape recorder,
study tables,
Felt pens, writing paper,
relaxation exercises,
Physical education minute
www.maam.ru
Preview:
Didactic games for preschoolers.
Perhaps the problem of maintaining health among preschoolers is one of the most problematic when adults do not address it enough. And the upbringing of a careful attitude to one's health in children can be carried out using a method that children really like - this is a game. So, I present to your attention interesting didactic games for preschoolers for use both in kindergarten and at home.
1. Drawing up a model "How to protect yourself from a cold" and "How to behave during an illness"
Purpose: To consolidate knowledge about disease prevention
Material: Large cards - 2 pcs. with the image of a sick child; a set of small cards with preventive measures and a set of cards with activities aimed at a quick recovery.
Game progress: In front of the child are 2 large cards depicting a sick and healthy child. The task of the child is to make a model of behavior during illness; selecting the desired set of cards and put them to the card with the sick child. And also to draw up a model of preventive actions against a cold in the same way, choosing the necessary ones from the available cards and putting them to a healthy child.
2. The story on the mnemonic table "If you want to be healthy"
Purpose: To consolidate children's knowledge about the various factors that contribute to the preservation and promotion of health.
Material: Mnemotable "If you want to be healthy"
Game progress: There is a mnemonic table “If you want to be healthy” on the table. The teacher asks to tell according to the mnemonic table about what needs to be done to be healthy. The task of the child without errors is to correctly tell about the factors that contribute to health promotion, according to the mnemonic table.
3. Didactic game "To be healthy, I will ..."
Purpose: To consolidate the knowledge of children about leading a healthy lifestyle.
Material: Narrative pictures depicting various positive situations (walking barefoot, sunbathing, sledding, dousing, etc.) and a set of pictures with negative situations.
Game progress: The teacher says: “To be healthy, you will ...” The child’s task is to complete the first part of the teacher’s sentence and select the appropriate positive plot picture.
4. State of the Health-Promoting Factors Model
Objective: To consolidate children's knowledge of the factors that help promote health
Material: Large sheet with a picture of a person in the center. Colored pencils.
Game progress: In front of the child lies a large sheet with an image in the center of a person. The task of the child is to draw around the person everything that helps to improve human health (vitamins, sports, etc.)
5. "Useful - harmful"
Purpose: To consolidate children's knowledge about the benefits and harms of certain products
Material: Large cards with the image of a cheerful little man; a set of cards depicting products that are useful and harmful to human health.
Game progress: There are 2 large cards on the table with the faces of a cheerful and sad little man. The task of the child is to choose cards with products that are good for human health and put them on the card with a cheerful little man, and put cards with products that are harmful to human health on the card with a sad little man.
6. Didactic game on valeology "We are tempered"
Purpose: To consolidate knowledge about subjects that help us to temper.
Material: Cards with the image of items needed for hardening (inventory).
Game progress: Children take turns taking a card with the image of an object necessary for hardening. The task of the child is to tell about the purpose of the object and the benefits for hardening the body.
7. "Cook borscht"
Purpose: To give children an idea of how to cook soup, to consolidate knowledge about vegetables and fruits.
Material: Sets of pictures depicting products needed for borscht.
Game progress: Children take turns choosing the appropriate subject pictures depicting products for making borscht.
8. "A lot - a little"
Purpose: To teach children to think about what and in what quantities can be consumed, not to the detriment of their health. To form the ability to classify foods: sour - sweet, bitter - salty, vegetables - fruits.
Material: Pictures depicting vegetables, fruits; question card:
Game progress: What happens if you eat a lot (picture)?
Eat a lot of apples - it's good ...
Eat a lot of apples - it's bad ..
Task: arrange vegetables and fruits, "Top-roots".
9. Didactic game on valeology "Vitamin summer"
Purpose: To consolidate knowledge about vitamins and their content in foods.
Material: Large cards (3 pieces) and 32 small cards with the image of vegetables and fruits.
Game progress: The teacher names vitamins on a large card, and the children choose subject pictures depicting products that contain this vitamin and put them in the corresponding vitamin.
10. Didactic game "Magic pan"
Purpose: To expand the idea of the variety of dishes.
Material: Image of a pan and cards with the image of ready-made dishes and the products from which they were prepared.
Game progress: Each child is given a card with a picture of the finished dish. The task of the child is to select a subject picture with the necessary products for preparing this dish. Who completed the task puts their pictures to the magic pan.
All together check the correctness of the execution.
11. Didactic game "Guess the sport"
Purpose: To consolidate the knowledge of children about different sports.
Material: Cards with attributes for each sport.
Game progress: The facilitator distributes cards to the children depicting various sports. The task of the child is to pick up cards with the appropriate attributes for this sport.
12. Didactic game "Athlete's Dress"
Purpose: To teach children the ability to select the appropriate equipment and equipment for athletes
Material: Card with the image of inventory and equipment of different athletes
Game progress: Children are given cards with the image of athletes from various sports. The task of the child is to select pictures with the appropriate equipment and equipment for this athlete.
13. Didactic game: "Useful and harmful food."
Purpose: To form children's knowledge about healthy and unhealthy food, to systematize children's ideas about the work of the digestive tract,
develop healthy principles of nutrition.
14. Didactic game: "My body"
Purpose: To form an idea of the structure of the body and the muscular system,
to form the ability to move beautifully and accurately, to cultivate a conscious attitude to physical education, to one's own health.
15. Didactic game: “Why did this happen? »
Purpose: To form the concept of first aid for solar, heat stroke, fainting, insect bites, bleeding, fractures, poisoning, to introduce artificial respiration techniques, its meaning and necessity.
On this topic:
Performer: Kreingold E. M., educator
GBDOU kindergarten No. 138 of the Nevsky district of St. Petersburg
We all love our children and want to see them happy and healthy. Unfortunately, recent medical research indicates disappointing indicators of their health. Health is influenced by a number of factors.
One of them is habits and behavior. It is very important that the skills of safe behavior for life and health are built on the education of certain habits and are formed in time. In kindergarten, priority should be given to educational tasks.
The educational impact on children within the framework of the lesson is exerted by three factors: the personality of the teacher, the material taught in the lesson, the form of the lesson.
Tasks, exercises and fairy tales that are used in the classroom will help to form the right attitude towards their health in children, will contribute to the development of their skills, and will tell you how to interact with nature and people. Children learn to understand how to behave and how not to behave in order to maintain health.
The use of game moments allows you to make the learning process understandable and exciting for the child.
Mnemotechnical memorization techniques can be used for both preschoolers and older children.
Games with tactile boards help develop a child's speech, imagination, figurative memory, verbal thinking. The images that children use during the game with tactile ones are voiced and continue in the game with the word that the child has already remembered in sensation.
We receive information through different senses: sight, hearing, smell, touch, taste. Depending on what information a person remembers, one can distinguish:
- memory for words (verbal or verbal)
- memory for images (figurative or motor)
- movement memory (motor)
- memory for emotions (emotional)
In order to help children remember information better, I included several memorization techniques in the lesson - through sounds, smells, taste of Yu movement. Imagination.
For example, through physical training minutes and gymnastics for the eyes, breathing, and digestive organs. Emotional memory develops when I read stories and fairy tales to children on moral and aesthetic topics, etc. This includes the maximum number of sensory organs.
The structure of the lesson in valeology
At the beginning of each lesson there is a "Journey" section. This part of the lesson sets the children up for the perception of information, helps to include the maximum number of sense organs, imagination, so I remind the children that "the eyes and ears are open, but the mouth is still closed."
In the classroom, there is always a physical education minute to relieve stress and give children a rest.
At the end of each lesson, work with collages and mnemonic tables is provided as a generalization of what has been learned. Drawing up mnemotables and collages is a creative work. They can be varied and interesting.
COLLAGES - teaching aids that perform the following tasks:
- development of visual memory
- ability to speak and tell
- learning task, as the tones contain different information.
A mnemonic table is a scheme, a structure in which you can put various information: history, music, valueology. Mnemotables are given after each lesson.
Common tasks for all types of tables:
- development of memory, logic, ingenuity
- development of the ability to think coherently, compose a story
- development of figurative thinking
Children, just like adults,
I want to be healthy and strong
only children do not know what to do for this.
Explain to them and they will beware
"Pedagogy of the heart" Janusz Korczak.
TO CLASSES IN VALEOLOGY
DIDACTIC GAME "MY FACE"
Objectives: To teach knowledge of oneself, one's individuality. Teach children how to draw a person's face (using various objects). Develop fine motor skills.
To consolidate children's concepts of color (blue, green, gray, brown eyes). To consolidate the idea of \u200b\u200bparts of the face; activate vocabulary: eyes, mouth, lips, nose, eyebrows. Develop tactile sensations.
Material: multi-colored braid, buttons, sticks, plasticine, sandpaper, velvet paper, foam rubber.
DIDACTIC GAME "CLEAN HANDS"
Objectives: To teach the sequence of actions of the washing process. Activate vocabulary: soap, washcloth, brush, towel. Form the need for compliance with the rules of personal hygiene.
Teach the practical development of healthy lifestyle skills.
Material: pictures with rules, toilet items, small toys, three-dimensional animal figurines, objects of labor.
Option 1 - the teacher offers the children to choose pictures that correspond to the rule when to wash their hands, and, accordingly, to find three-dimensional objects in the picture.
Option 2 - the teacher invites children to imitate the movements of the washing process (creativity and imagination develop).
DIDACTIC GAME "I CAN - I CAN'T"
Objectives: To activate the attention of children to their skills and the physical capabilities of their body. Develop research activities, cultivate self-esteem.
The child, having caught the ball, must continue the phrase, explaining why he knows how (what helps him) or does not know how (can he learn) to do this, and return the ball to the leader. For example: “I can run because I have legs”, “I can’t fly because I don’t have wings.”
DIDACTIC GAME "FIND A PAIR"
Objectives: To exercise children in the selection of identical plates, comparing their surfaces thanks to tactile sensations (blindfolded).
Note. The child should explain what helped him to correctly identify different materials.
DIDACTIC GAME "DETERMINE BY TOUCH"
Target. Exercise children in guessing familiar objects by touch, naming the signs of this object.
In order to complicate the game in the bag, it is worth putting only one item for guessing, after showing it to the rest of the children. A chip is awarded for each correct answer.
DIDACTIC GAME "ALL ASSISTANTS ARE IMPORTANT,
ALL ASSISTANTS ARE NECESSARY, AND WHO NEED WHICH ONE?
Goals. To activate children's knowledge about the dominant development of a particular sense organ for people of a certain profession. Activate vocabulary: cook, scout conductor, perfumer, magician.
Players take turns taking out one small card at a time and either keep it if it matches the image on the large card (that is, if this sense organ is important for people in this profession), or return it back. (For example: for a large card with a picture of a perfumer, a child picks up a small card with a nose.) The game ends when each player has one small card corresponding to a large one. The players then take turns justifying their choice.
The rest of the players listen carefully and evaluate the correctness. The winner is the one who did not make a single mistake or made the minimum number of inaccuracies.
Note. The number of cut cards should be more than necessary. You can offer a variant of the game in which each of the children has the right to choose several large cards.
This becomes possible as preschoolers acquire the relevant knowledge about the features of the development of a certain sense organ in people of different professions.
GAME EXERCISE "WHO COUNTS THE BUTTONS FASTER"
Target. Activate the attention of children to the fact that a large number of analyzers involved in the work facilitate the implementation of any work.
Note. Talk to the children about in which case it turns out, to count faster and why.
GAME EXERCISE "LET'S TALK WITHOUT WORDS"
Target. Exercise children in understanding the meaning of certain gestures, postures, facial expressions of a person.
GAME EXERCISE "LISTEN TO YOUR ORGANISM"
Target. Introduce children to elementary relaxation techniques that have a positive effect on well-being and self-awareness.
DIDACTIC GAME "IDENTIFY BY SOUND"
Target. Exercise the organs of hearing in identifying and distinguishing different sounds.
To do this, you can use musical instruments, paper, foil, an inflatable balloon, glass and metal dishes, a ball pump, a rubber squeaker toy, etc. The players of each team take turns guessing the sound.
The team with the most correct answers and the fewest mistakes is considered the winner. For each correct answer, the team receives a chip.
DIDACTIC GAME "GUESS WHO CALLED"
(“WHO SAID MEOW?”)
Target. Train the organs of hearing and activate the attention and auditory memory of children.
To complicate the game, children can be given a rattle. The teacher points to the next player, who should rattle his rattle. The driver determines which of the participants in the game rattled the rattle.
In this case, the driver can stand in a circle, his eyes should be closed.
MUSICAL - DIDACTIC GAME "GUESS WHERE THE BEAR WAS TRAVELING"
Purpose. With the help of tape recordings, exercise children in the perception of various sounds.
DIDACTIC GAME "DO NOT MISS YOUR SOUND"
Goals. To develop the phonemic hearing of children.
Content. The teacher invites each child to be a house of some kind of sound (the children themselves choose and name whose house they will be). To do this, they choose a badge with the image of any sound of the Russian language (, etc.). In the process of listening to a poem (story), children determine the first sound of each word. Hearing the word from "his" sound, the child needs to quickly get up and sit down. The teacher monitors the correctness of the task.
GAME EXERCISE “SAY QUIETLY, LOUDLY. WHEN IS IT BETTER AND WHY?
Goals. To develop children's hearing. Activate their attention to the strength of the voice, in which their speech will be clearly heard. Build a culture of speech.
The guys come to the conclusion that you need to pronounce commands loudly, clearly. And the ears helped them hear the commands.
GAME EXERCISE "WHOSE EYES WILL HELP YOU?"
Purpose. To consolidate children's knowledge about the features of vision of living organisms.
GAME EXERCISE FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE EYE METER
Goals. To develop the eye of children, to teach them to correlate the size of objects, the length of segments, etc.
- Mark the center of the circle with a pencil.
- Draw a line of the same length.
- Cut off a strip of the same size.
- Cut out the same shape.
Then the teacher helps to check how correctly and accurately the tasks are completed, and, if necessary, gives recommendations.
DIDACTIC GAME "WHAT CAN YOU BITE WITH YOUR TEETH?"
Purpose. To develop the ability of children to establish the positive and negative effects on the teeth of foods eaten
To prepare for the development of tactile sensations, a number of game tasks.
The goal is to familiarize with samples of various types of surfaces (stone - hard surface; fluff - soft; silk - smooth; prickly - prickly; knife, razor - sharp; fire - hot; snow, ice - cold surface).
1. Pick up a stone. Squeeze it with your fingers. Do you feel how hard it is? Look for objects on the table that you can say "hard as a stone" (pencil, pen, etc.).
2. Pick up a feather. Can you feel how soft it is? Look for objects soft as fluff on the table.
How can you say about the coat of a cat, a puppy? (A cat's coat is as soft as fluff. A puppy's coat is also soft as fluff.)
3. Lay out soft and hard objects separately.
4. The game "Hard - soft." Two people are involved. At the command of the leader, the children alternately name hard and soft objects.
To help each player, a bag is given with a set of samples of materials (pieces of stone, iron, flax, wool, cotton) and products made from them, the one who named the last one wins.
5. Feel the seeds of different plants. Determine which ones are harder (cannot be peeled with nails) and which ones are softer. Set aside seeds that can only be cracked with a hammer (very hard): walnut, cherry, plum, apricot, peach, etc. Tell me, whose child has soft clothes? (The oak child has soft clothes on the stomach. The chestnut child has soft clothes, etc.)
6. Touch the thorn of a hedgehog. Find objects on the table that are prickly, like a hedgehog, like a thorn (a metal brush, a rosehip branch, roses, etc.).
7. Touch a piece of silk, stroke it. Touch other items on the table. Which of them can be said to be "smooth as silk"? (Christmas ball, polished cabinet, puppy hair, etc.)
8. The game "Prickly - smooth." Two people take part in the game. At the command of the facilitator, the children alternately name piercing and smooth objects (first prickly, and then or mixed). As in the game "Hard - soft", children are given sets of suitable objects or images to help (if they have previously met with these objects in kind). The winner is the one who last names a prickly or smooth object. The game can be played in another version, replacing prickly objects with rough ones (with a rough, convex surface).
9. Gently touch the knife, razor, awl. Why are they called sharp? Look for objects sharp as a knife on the table, objects sharp as an awl. Name them by comparing with an object that has the same tip or surface edge (broken glass is sharp like a knife; a ski stick is sharp at the end, like a spear, etc.).
10. Find objects on the table that do not have sharp edges (ball, ball, bump, doll, etc.). Why are toys not made sharp for small children?
11. The game "Sharp - blunt". It is carried out in the same way as the games described above.
12. Remember if you ever sat by a fireplace, a fire, raised your hand to hot coals. What objects can be said to be hot, like fire, like heat?
13. Feel the snow and ice. They are cold. Think about what subjects are referred to as "cold as ice."
14. The game "Cold - hot" (carried out according to the same method).
The main goal of valeology is to teach a child from early childhood to be smart about his health, respect physical culture, harden his body, and eat rationally. The implementation of a set of these measures will ensure optimal physical development and good health of children and youth.
"Valeology" in kindergarten is the first important stage in the continuous valeological education of a person, which should ensure the implementation of such tasks:
education in children of the consciousness that a person is a part of nature and society;
establishment of harmonious relations of children with animate and inanimate nature;
formation of the child's personality;
cultivating personal hygiene habits;
hardening of the child and his motor activity;
prevention and elimination of bad habits;
implementation of valeological monitoring.
Given the reality of the real and objective laws of pedagogy, valeological education should be deeply national, i.e. be based on the cultural experience of the people, their traditions, customs, rituals and forms of social practice.
The organization of teaching and educational work in a preschool institution should be aimed at ensuring that children acquire deep knowledge, general educational skills and habits, maintain and strengthen their health. Achieving this goal is possible subject to taking into account the age characteristics of preschoolers, compliance with hygiene requirements.
Valeology in kindergarten
The main objectives of the preschool integrative course "valeology" are:formation and development of theoretical knowledge and practical skills in children of early and preschool age, necessary for understanding the multidimensional and complex concept of health and the process of its strengthening and preservation;
obtaining the basic knowledge and practical skills in promoting and using modern and old methods of physical, mental, spiritual and social recovery. Raising interest in the experience of the folk health system;
formation of elements of the valeological worldview, mastery of elementary health-improving terminology;
expedient structuring and integration of knowledge, practical skills of children in the improvement of a person in various types of educational, playful, labor and household activities.
the formation in each child of the mental skills of analyzing his personal condition with the aim of timely self-help;
educating the desires and needs of children to use theoretical and practical knowledge in the improvement of their family members and other people.
Consultation for educators
"Valeological education of preschool children"
A brief review of the state of health of the child and adult population of the country shows progressive trends towards an increase in morbidity, a decrease in the level of health and a reduction in life expectancy. A particularly alarming situation is with the health of children. According to the Research Institute of Hygiene and Health Protection of Children and Adolescents, over the past ten years, the number of preschool children with chronic pathology has doubled, and those without health problems have decreased three times.
The future, both in Russia and in the world, of course, belongs to the younger generation. However, only a healthy person with good health, optimism, psychological stability, high mental and physical performance is able to live actively.(high life position) successfully overcome professional and domestic difficulties.
Therefore, at present, one of the priority tasks facing teachers is to preserve the health of children in the process of education and training.
Studies of domestic and foreign scientists have long established that human health is only 7-8% dependent on the success of health care and 50% on lifestyle. To be healthy, you need to master the art of preserving and strengthening it. This art should be given as much attention as possible in a preschool institution, since preschool age is the most favorable time for developing the right habits, which, combined with teaching preschoolers how to improve and maintain health, will lead to positive results.
Therefore, an important link in the work of the kindergarten is valeological education.
Valeology is the science of a healthy lifestyle, maintaining, shaping health, and managing it. In relation to preschool education, valueology aims to teach children the basic rules and the norm of health promotion and instilling healthy lifestyle skills: active work, rational rest, hardening, physical education and self-development, rational nutrition, personal hygiene, timely visit to the doctor.
Issues of protecting children's health, the formation of a healthy lifestyle culture have become one of the activities of our kindergarten. Different types of health-saving technologies are used in preschool educational institutions(medical and hygienic, sports and health, educational, etc.) . All conditions have been created for the full development and rehabilitation of children in the kindergarten: there is an ecological room, a music room, a gym, a phyto bar, medical staff rooms, a physical room, a treatment room, an isolation room for sick children, aroma lamps, health paths; speech therapist and psychologist.
It is impossible to develop a child without creating the appropriate conditions for this. Therefore, one of the important stages in educating the basics of a healthy lifestyle in children is the creation of a subject-developing environment in a group. First of all, children need visibility, which we offer them through the organization of valeological corners and centers, where the rules of a healthy lifestyle, patterns of care for teeth, hair, skin, etc. can be presented in various forms. Through diagrams and drawings, models of the human body, children have the opportunity to get to know the human body. We also offer children morning gymnastics complexes, sports exercises for practicing at home. In the center of the role-playing game, all the attributes for games are presented in which the child can fix the rules of hygiene, interaction with peers in problematic and everyday situations.
In order to reduce the incidence, a plan of therapeutic measures has been drawn up, in accordance with which the following are carried out: phytoaeroionization, vitaminization, gargling with an infusion of medicinal herbs, sea water, children receive herbal tea, which includes medical fees, in the winter months onions, garlic, in the summer green salads, hardening procedures are carried out. Much attention is paid to the observance of the air regime in groups, the organization of walks in the fresh air, and the maintenance of the temperature regime.
Strengthening of health is carried out through the perfection of the physical development of children in physical education classes. In the kindergarten, morning exercises, active and sedentary games, gymnastics after sleep, hygiene procedures, acupressure are carried out. The walk provides an opportunity for physical activity of children. Sports and musical entertainment, holidays(traditional, folklore) help to reveal the possibilities of each child, contribute to the emergence of positive emotions. Parents are involved in the formation of a healthy lifestyle.
Many years of experience have shown that it is not enough to create favorable conditions for the development of a healthy child, it is also necessary to form elementary knowledge about your body, consciously leading a healthy lifestyle.
Valeological education is carried out both during classes and in free time. We have drawn up a work plan on the topic "I am a man", which is designed for teaching children from three to seven years old. It includes not only issues of physical development, but also issues of spiritual health. A child should not only be able to brush his teeth and do exercises, but also be able to love himself, people, life. Only a person who lives in harmony with himself, the world, will be truly healthy.
Our goal:
educate a physically and morally healthy person;
to encourage seeks to create their health, applying knowledge and skills in accordance with the laws of nature and being.
Tasks:
the formation of a conscious healthy lifestyle;
development of independent active activity in the application of knowledge about the body(hygienic behavior, life safety, physical education) ;
ensuring mental and physical self-development;
the formation of a child's positive attitude towards his physical "I";
change in the internal position of the individual in relation to people with disabilities.
At the first stage of work on valeological education, our task is to help children realize themselves as a person. The child must understand how people differ from animals and how he differs from other people. Topics of the first classes: "Who am I", "What is my name", "We are a family", "People are adults, and people are small", "I am growing".
Babies are then introduced to the parts of their bodies that they can see.(arms, legs, head, etc.) , their purpose and care. The next stage of work is to become familiar with the sense organs and how they function. And only at the senior preschool age we bring children to the concept of the body, we introduce them to the internal organs.
When compiling classes, we necessarily include elements of life safety in their composition. We offer children situations(accident, fire, poisoning, etc.) as a result of which one or another organ was damaged. We learn how to provide first aid, discuss how to behave so that this does not happen.
We pay special attention to the availability of the material offered to preschoolers, to the terms used. If we start explaining to children how this or that organ functions in scientific language, they will not understand it. Therefore, we try to convey information to the children's consciousness in an accessible way, without distorting the basic valeological concepts.
Self-massage techniques are useful not only for a sick person, but also for a healthy person. In our kindergarten, as part of the lesson and in everyday life, a variant of the special hardening methods for children A. Umanskaya and K. Deneyka is used. Children enjoy playing exercises with their nose, ears, hands, etc., while they develop the small muscles of the fingers and learn how to help themselves and others.
As you know, the ability to control one's mood and emotions has a great influence on human health. To form the skills of self-regulation of behavior, we suggest using social-behavioral trainings, trainings of emotions, auto-trainings.
Much attention in our kindergarten is paid to educating the internal position of the individual in relation to people with disabilities, through experimentation, children are invited to try to understand how bad it is for a person who cannot see, hear, etc.
To consolidate and expand knowledge of valeology, once a week, in the afternoon, we have a circle "I am a man" where children in a relaxed atmosphere get to know themselves.
Forms, methods and techniques of work are very diverse. These are excursions, observations, viewing pictures, conversations, various didactic and educational games, game exercises, experiments and experiences, valeological tests and tasks, video and audio recordings.
Work with children is built in the direction of personality-oriented interaction with the child, emphasis is placed on the search activity of the children themselves, encouraging them to be creative when performing tasks. Classes contain cognitive material corresponding to the age characteristics of children in combination with practical tasks(training, wellness minutes - exercises for the eyes, for posture, breathing exercises, etc.) necessary for the development of the child's skills.
The main result of the work on educating the need for a healthy lifestyle in children is that by the end of preschool age, children are able to understand health significantly, broadly, as beauty, happiness, success, and also realize that health is in their hands.
Being healthy is the natural desire of every person. The foundations of physical and mental health are laid in childhood. It is important to form a healthy lifestyle in a person from childhood. It is necessary to teach the child to love himself, for people, for life. Only a person who lives in harmony with himself and with the world will be truly healthy.
Pedagogical Council "Organization of work on valeological education of children and parents"
The use of health-saving technologies in preschool educational institutions -
one of the priority areas of the modern educational environment
The agenda of the pedagogical council.
The results of the review competition for the best manual on valeology (message from the head).
"The system of work on the valeological education of children and the education of parents in the preschool educational institution" (report of the senior educator).
"The use of modern technologies in valeology in working with children of preschool age" (from the experience of a teacher of the middle group).
"The influence of music on children's health" (speech by the music director).
Test for teachers "Can your lifestyle be called healthy?"
Exhibition of methodological literature and manuals on this topic.
Goals:
To systematize the knowledge of educators on the formation of valeological thinking of children.
To form the ability to think quickly and logically, communicate culturally, the ability to work in a team with colleagues united by one task.
Draft decision of the teachers' council.
1. For young educators to attend a cycle of classes in valeology.
3. All teachers submit to the methodological office abstracts of the GCD on valeology.
Material for preparing for the pedagogical council
Regulations on the review - competition: "The best guide to valeology."
1. General Provisions.
This Regulation governs the procedure for holding a review - competition "The best manual on valeology" among groups of preschool educational institutions (hereinafter referred to as the Competition).
2. Goals and objectives.
Purpose: Creation of educational and methodological conditions for the educational and educational process that ensure the formation of the child's personality associated with the independent formation of his initial awareness and attitude towards himself as a physical, spiritual and social being, familiarization with a healthy lifestyle, the formation of the necessary skills, useful habits and their self-control.
Tasks:
- to intensify the work of preschool educational institutions to promote healthy lifestyles;
- to study the quality of educational and methodological support for the process of teaching life safety and the formation of ideas about a healthy lifestyle;
- to promote the development of creative activity of teachers in the valeological education of preschool children;
- to strengthen the role of parents in matters of valeological culture of children.
3. Participants of the Competition.
The competition is attended by educators of all groups of preschool educational institutions, a music director, a speech therapist.
4. Conditions for organizing and holding the Competition.
4.1. The competition is held from ... to ... .. .
4.2. To organize the work of the Competition, an organizing committee is created, which includes representatives of the administration, specialists of the preschool educational institution.
5. Criteria for evaluating the Competition:
Compliance with SanPin requirements;
Compliance with the design age characteristics;
Compliance with aesthetic requirements (color scheme, placement and storage methods of the manual);
Creative approach to design;
The effectiveness of the application of the allowance;
Participation of parents in the preparation of benefits.
6. The mark given to the teacher is determined as the sum of points received for each criterion from 1 to 5 points.
7. Summing up and awarding:
7.1. The procedure for holding the Competition provides for the presentation of materials by teachers and the analysis of the submitted materials by the jury members, summing up.
7.2. The time allotted for the presentation is 3-5 minutes.
7.3. The results of the Competition are summed up at its end.
7.4. The winners of the Competition are awarded with certificates of administration of the DOW.
Questions on valeology.
What is "valeology"?
Valeological requirements for the organization of GCD in preschool educational institutions.
Why did the teachers face the problem of implementing the valeological education of children?
What fundamental principles of valeology do you know? Briefly describe them.
What components of a healthy lifestyle are necessary for each person? Prove it.
What are the features of the method of familiarizing children with their own body?
The purpose of valeological education.
Tasks of valeological education.
"The system of work on the valeological education of children and the education of parents in preschool educational institutions"
(report of the senior educator).
The significant deterioration in the health of the population of Russia, especially children, observed in recent years, has become a nationwide problem. The health of each person largely depends on his lifestyle, and no doctors, no medicines will help if the person himself neglects his health, violates the norms of a healthy lifestyle.
It is known that the formation of healthy habits begins in childhood, and this is, first of all, an educational problem. Therefore, this is my job. For the scientific support of the health-improving function of the preschool educational institution, the concept of pedagogical valueology has been developed. Its basis is valeology - the science of health. Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being. Academician V.P. Petlenko defines health as “a state of balance between the adaptive capabilities of the body and changing environmental conditions.”
Valeology claims that each person has health reserves that he must learn to use. Therefore, the essence of valueology is expressed by the motto: "Man, know and create yourself!". Pedagogical valueology combines valueology and pedagogy in a single scientific and methodological concept. It can be called "the science of shaping health through pedagogical means." The motto of pedagogical valueology is: "Health through education." Valeological educational work is based on the following approaches and principles:
Systems approach.
Man is a unity of the physical and spiritual. It is impossible to keep the body healthy if you do not improve the emotional-volitional sphere, if you do not work with the soul and morality of the child.
A successful solution to the problems of valeological education is possible only by combining the educational efforts of the preschool educational institution, parents and the public.
Activity approach. Valeological culture is mastered by children and the educator in the process of joint activities. Do not direct children to the path of health, but lead them along.
Principle "Do no harm!". It provides for the use in valeological work only of safe methods of healing, tested by thousands of years of human experience and officially recognized.
principle of humanism. In valeological education, the intrinsic value of the child's personality is recognized. The moral guidelines of education are universal values.
The principle of altruism. Teach yourself - teach a friend!
measure principle. Health is good in moderation.
Classes in valeology are held from the second junior group in the block of classes on familiarization with others, once a month. From the middle group, integrated classes on healthy lifestyles and life safety are conducted.
The priority direction of valeological upbringing - educational work should be the formation of the moral qualities of the child, which are the foundation of health. Therefore, it is so important to develop in children kindness, friendliness, endurance, purposefulness, courage, an optimistic attitude towards life, a sense of the joy of existence, the ability to feel happy, believe in one's own strengths and trust the world. For the formation of these qualities, spiritual harmony, adequate positive self-esteem are necessary, which arise if the child is free from feelings of anxiety and fear, lives with confidence in his security and safety. Reflection skills are equally important for health, that is, the ability to consider oneself and one's condition from the outside, to understand one's feelings and the reasons for their occurrence. In order to motivate a child for health behavior, it is necessary to interest, create positive emotions in the development of knowledge, make him feel pleasure from the methods of recovery, use positive examples from life, a personal example of a teacher, collective forms of classes and other psychological and pedagogical techniques. A powerful source of healthy lifestyle formation and motivation for health behavior of children is physical culture. To do this, we conduct physical education classes, morning exercises, outdoor games, both in the gym and on a walk. The strategy of physical culture is based on the fact that the pleasure of motor activity develops into a habit, and from it into a need. An essential element of valeological culture that children must master is the basics of personal hygiene - body care skills, self-massage techniques, hardening methods, etc. An important task of valeological educational work is to master the skills of psychoprophylaxis, self-regulation and activation of the body's reserve capabilities. To do this, it is necessary to develop and improve the functions of analyzer systems in children. (hearing, sight, touch, etc.), to teach them the skills of arbitrary control over breathing, muscle tone, imagination, inner self, to form the ability to express their feelings with the help of words. Facial expressions, gestures, etc. By mastering this knowledge and skills, children learn to control their emotions and mental activity. This helps to reduce psychological stress and feelings of anxiety, increases the comfort level of children in preschool and facilitates the transition to school. Valeological UVR forms the basis for life safety in children. They learn not to commit acts that are dangerous to life and health. Valeological education of children serves to strengthen their parental family. Children should learn the best family traditions, understand the meaning and importance of the family in human life, the role of the child in the family, learn the norms and ethics of relations with parents and other family members. It is necessary to develop interest in the professional and everyday activities of family members, to form an understanding of their social significance, to arouse the need to proudly talk about your grandparents, parents, and the good traditions of your family. Valeology sees in health the main source of happiness, and gaining health is the path to spirituality, the ascent of a person from bodily health to spiritual health.
It is the kindergarten that is the place of pedagogical education of parents. Forms of interaction with parents are diverse; they can be both individual and group, as well as traditional and non-traditional.
In accordance with this, valeological education of parents includes:
familiarization of parents with the results of diagnosing the state of health of the child and his psychomotor development;
participation in the preparation of individual programs (plans) health improvement of children;
purposeful sanitary education promoting general hygienic requirements, the need for a rational regimen and a complete balanced diet, hardening, optimal air and temperature conditions, etc.;
familiarization of parents with the content of physical culture and health work in kindergarten, aimed at the physical, mental and social development of the child;
training in specific techniques and methods of recovery (exercise therapy, breathing exercises, self-massage, various types of hardening, etc.);
familiarization with the treatment and preventive measures carried out in the preschool educational institution, training in certain non-traditional methods of improving the child's body (phytotherapy, aromatherapy, etc.).
To implement these tasks are widely used:
information in parental corners, in slide folders, in the DOW library;
consultations;
oral journals and discussions with the participation of a psychologist, medical professionals, physical education specialists, as well as parents with experience in family education;
workshops;
business games and trainings with listening to tape recordings of conversations with children, analysis of problem situations on video recordings, solving pedagogical crosswords, etc.;
"open days" for parents with viewing and conducting various classes in the gym, at the stadium and in the pool, hardening and medical procedures;
joint sports activities and holidays, etc.
Also, special importance in promoting a healthy lifestyle in preschool educational institutions is given to visual aids that are designed to acquaint parents with the conditional tasks, content and method of raising healthy children, overcome their often superficial judgments about the importance of a healthy lifestyle for children, and provide practical assistance to the family.
Valeological newspapers, booklets, memos are a special form of visual propaganda of children's health among parents. The material for them is selected by educators, drawn up and included in the plan of valeological work with parents. They reflect the most pressing problems of a healthy lifestyle for children. Visual aids help parents to better understand the conditions, tasks and methods of raising healthy children. Recommendations of specialists on the problem of children's health that are of interest to parents, as well as articles for parents taken from other newspapers and magazines, can also be selected. Newspaper topics can be varied: "Daytime sleep: is it necessary and when to refuse it", "Respiratory gymnastics and child health", "Secrets of healthy food", "Home aromatherapy. Recipe for aromatherapy in the recovery of children”, “Prevention of visual fatigue disorders”, etc.
Increasing the psychological and pedagogical competence of parents, involving them in active participation in the educational process is an integral part of valeological education to introduce a healthy lifestyle.
Thus, the technology of valeological education of parents allows not only to actually implement an individual approach to each child, but also to involve parents in joint systematic efforts to improve the child's body during the entire stay in a preschool institution.
It is known that the beginning of all beginnings in the upbringing of children is the family. Every parent wants to see their children healthy, happy, but not everyone thinks about how to make children grow up to live in harmony with themselves, the world around them, and other people. But behind all this is, including a healthy lifestyle. It is he who gives physical and spiritual strength, a healthy nervous system, the ability to resist harmful influences, to feel the joy of living.
Preschool is also an important educational institution. The educational functions of the family and the preschool educational institution are different, but in order for the child to grow up comprehensively developed and healthy, their interaction is necessary.
Not a single, even the best health program can give positive results if its tasks are not solved jointly with the family, if the community "children-parents-teachers" is not created in a preschool institution.
It is the kindergarten that is the place of pedagogical education of parents. The forms of interaction with parents are varied: meetings, round tables, discussions, etc.
Know yourself - understand how your body grows and develops.
Keep your body clean - you are responsible for it. Wash often, brush your teeth and nails, my feet, temper yourself.
Move more - exercise and exercise.
Eat well - your body must grow. Love fruits and vegetables. Eat varied. Don't eat a lot of sweets.
Observe the daily routine - be able to properly organize mental and physical work.
Play with caution, try to avoid accidents.
Make friends - be a good friend.
Learn to manage your mood.
Keep your world clean.
Learn to say "NO". If you are asked to do something that makes you feel uncomfortable, say NO.
Don't play with drugs. Take only what your parents or doctor give you.
If you feel sick, tell your parents or doctor about it. Learn how to care for those who are sick.
If a child is often encouraged, he learns self-confidence.
If a child lives with a sense of security, he learns to believe.
If a child manages to achieve what he wants, he learns hope.
If a child lives in an atmosphere of friendship and feels needed, he learns to find love in this world.
The basis of happiness and spiritual health is Faith, Hope, Love.
Modern health-saving technologies,
used in the system of preschool education
Today, in preschool institutions, much attention is paid to health-saving technologies, which are aimed at solving the most important task of preschool education - preserve, maintain and enrich the health of children. In addition, a serious task is to ensure the highest possible level of real health of kindergarten students, the upbringing of a valeological culture to form a conscious attitude of the child to the health and life of both his own and other people. To date, leading psychologists, educators and medical workers have created many different health-saving methods that can be classified into several separate groups. These are medical-preventive and sports and health-improving technologies, health-saving technologies for preschool teachers, technologies aimed at ensuring the social and psychological well-being of pupils, valeological education of children and parents. All these technologies are aimed primarily at raising physically and psychologically healthy children.
Modern health-saving technologies used in the system of preschool education reflect two lines of health-improving and developmental work:
introducing children to physical culture
the use of developing forms of recreational work.
Principles of health-saving technologies in preschool education:
Applied to a child – ensuring a high level of real health for a kindergarten pupil and cultivating a valeological culture as a combination of a child’s conscious attitude to human health and life, knowledge about health and the ability to protect, maintain and maintain it, valeological competence that allows a preschooler to independently and effectively solve the problems of a healthy lifestyle and safe behavior, tasks related to the provision of elementary medical, psychological self-help and assistance.
Applied to adults – promoting the development of a culture of health, including a culture of professional health for preschool educators and valeological education of parents.
Adults are always responsible for what happens to children in their care. This also applies to children's health. It is in the kindergarten, under the "supervision" of teachers, that children spend a significant part of their time, and not helping them to maintain their health would be a manifestation of callousness and unprofessionalism.
To implement these principles, a complex of effective therapeutic and preventive measures is needed, a system of reliable means of correcting psychophysical development throughout preschool childhood.
From the point of view of modern approaches to pedagogy, the joint creative activity of children and the teacher is the internal basis for the unity of the physical and spiritual in the life of the child.
The principles underlying the formation of unity are:
principle of development of creative imagination – the internal condition of health-improving work, here the child conditionally appears as the object of certain pedagogical and medical influences. And, as statistics have shown, thanks to the inclusion of the child's imagination, it is possible to achieve significant results in the prevention and treatment of a number of diseases: acute respiratory infections, diathesis, anuresis, certain disorders of the cardiovascular system and gastrointestinal tract;
the principle of the formation of meaningful motor skills - movement can become arbitrary and controlled only when it is meaningful and felt. The child will have to learn to listen, understand, respect and love his body;
the principle of creating and securing a holistic positive psychosomatic state in various activities, which is realized thanks to multifunctional developing forms of health-saving work;
the principle of developing in children the ability to empathize and contribute.
There are also three groupshealth-savingtechnologies:
1. Technologies for maintaining and stimulating health: Stretching, rhythmoplasty, dynamic pauses, outdoor and sports games, relaxation, aesthetic technologies, finger gymnastics, eye gymnastics, respiratory gymnastics, invigorating gymnastics, corrective gymnastics, orthopedic gymnastics.
2. Technologies for teaching a healthy lifestyle: Physical education, problem-playing (game training and game therapy), communication games, conversations from the Health series, self-massage, point self-massage, biofeedback (BFB).
3. Correctional technologies: art therapy, musical influence technologies, fairy tale therapy, color influence technologies, behavior correction technologies, psycho-gymnastics, phonetic and speech therapy rhythmics.
It is very important that each of the above technologies has a health-improving orientation, and the health-preserving activities used in the complex would eventually form in the child a strong motivation for a healthy lifestyle, full and uncomplicated development.
Why is it necessary to applyhealth-savingtechnologies in the modern educational environment?
Preschool age is reasonably considered the most important period in the process of forming a person's personality. At this age, various abilities develop more intensively, moral qualities are formed, character traits are developed. It is in this age period that the foundation of health and the development of physical qualities is laid and strengthened, which are necessary for the effective participation of the child in various forms of physical activity, which, in turn, creates conditions for the active and directed formation and development of mental functions and intellectual abilities of a preschooler. That is why the use of health-saving technologies in the work of preschool educational institutions can increase the effectiveness of the educational process, form value orientations among teachers and parents aimed at preserving and strengthening the health of children.
An analysis of the health status of preschool children shows that over the past decade the number of absolutely healthy children has decreased from 23 to 15% and the number of children with chronic diseases has increased from 16 to 17.3%. On average, in Russia, each preschooler has at least two diseases per year. Approximately 20-27% of children belong to the category of frequently and long-term ill. Almost 90% of preschool children have standard deviations in the structure of the musculoskeletal system - a violation of posture, flat feet, unbalanced muscle tone, weakness of the abdominal muscles, non-optimal ratio of static and dynamic movements. Neurotic manifestations are observed in 20-30% of children of senior preschool age. According to forecasts, 85% of these children are potential patients with cardiovascular diseases. About 50% of children need psychocorrection and are characterized by serious psychological distress. The vast majority of children, starting from preschool age, suffer from a lack of movement and reduced immunity. Their muscle load decreases due to objective reasons: children practically do not have the opportunity to play outdoor games while walking, and some parents are overly fond of the intellectual development of their children (computer games, attending various circles).
It is indisputable that The main task of kindergarten is prepare the child for independent life, giving him the necessary skills and habits for this, cultivating certain habits. But can every professionally trained teacher, just an adult responsible person calmly treat the unfavorable state of health of his pupils, its progressive deterioration? One of the answers to this question was the demand for health-saving educational technologies by teachers of an educational institution.
Thus, health-saving technologies in preschool education- technologies aimed at solving the priority task of modern preschool education - the task of preserving, maintaining and enriching the health of the subjects of the pedagogical process in kindergarten: children, teachers and parents.
The purpose of health-saving technologies in preschool education in relation to a child, ensuring a high level of real health for a kindergarten pupil and cultivating a valeological culture as a combination of a child’s conscious attitude to human health and life, knowledge about health and the ability to protect, maintain and maintain it, valelogical competence that allows a preschooler to independently and effectively solve the problems of a healthy lifestyle and safe behavior, tasks related to the provision of elementary medical, psychological self-help and assistance. With regard to adults - promoting the formation of a health culture, including a culture of professional health for preschool educators and valeological education of parents.
The tasks of the health care providers are:
1. Preservation and strengthening of children's health based on the integrated and systematic use of physical education tools available for kindergarten, optimization of outdoor motor activity.
2. Ensuring the active position of children in the process of obtaining knowledge about a healthy lifestyle.
3. Constructive partnership of the family, the teaching staff and the children themselves in strengthening their health, developing their creative potential.
Types of health-saving technologies:
Types of health-saving technologies in preschool education - classification of health-saving technologies according to the dominance of goals and tasks to be solved, as well as the leading means of health saving and health enrichment of subjects of the pedagogical process in kindergarten.
Medical and preventive technology
Medical and preventive activities ensure the preservation and enhancement of the health of children under the guidance of the medical staff of the preschool educational institution in accordance with medical requirements and standards using medical means.
The objectives of this activity:
Organization of monitoring of children's health and development of recommendations for optimizing children's health;
Organization and control of children's nutrition, physical development, hardening;
Organization of preventive measures that contribute to the resistance of the child's body (for example, immunization, gargling with anti-inflammatory herbs, a sparing regimen during the adaptation period, etc.).
Organization of control and assistance in ensuring the requirements of sanitary and epidemiological standards - San PiNov
Organization of a health-saving environment in a preschool educational institution.
Monitoring of the state of health and physical development of children is carried out by medical workers of the kindergarten. All work on the physical education of children in the preschool educational institution is based on their physical fitness and existing deviations in the state of health. To do this, on the basis of individual medical records, the doctor of the preschool institution draws up a summary scheme for each age group, which helps educators and medical workers to have a clear picture of the health status of the children of the entire group and each child individually. This analysis scheme and specific recommendations are entered in the group "Health Journal" - "Individual route of the child" - so that each teacher plans physical education and health work in accordance with the characteristics of children's health.
Physical culture and health technology
Physical culture and health-improving activities are aimed at the physical development and strengthening of the child's health.
The objectives of this activity:
Development of physical qualities;
Control of physical activity and formation of physical culture of preschoolers,
Formation of correct posture, prevention of disorders of the musculoskeletal system;
Cultivate the habit of daily physical activity;
Recovery by means of hardening. Physical culture and health-improving activities are carried out by a physical education instructor in physical education classes, as well as by teachers - in the form of various gymnastics, physical education minutes, dynamic pauses, etc.;
Technologies for ensuring the socio-psychological well-being of the child
The purpose of this activity- ensuring emotional comfort and positive psychological well-being of the child in the process of communicating with peers and adults in kindergarten, family; ensuring the socio-emotional well-being of a preschooler, tk. emotional mood, mental well-being, cheerful mood of children is important for their health. In its activities, the “accompanying service” is guided by the Regulations on the Medical, Psychological and Pedagogical Service and aims to create an integral system in a preschool institution that provides optimal conditions for the development of children, taking into account age and individual characteristics, the state of somatic and mental health. In this system, diagnostic, advisory, correctional-developing, treatment-and-prophylactic and social directions interact.
Technologies of health saving and health enrichment of teachers
The whole way of life of the child in kindergarten, the caring and attentive attitude of adults to him, the high sense of responsibility of the whole team for each pupil influence the improvement of the health of children, their favorable physical development. Therefore, much attention in our preschool educational institution is paid to the selection and placement of personnel into groups, taking into account their business qualities, experience and psychological compatibility. Bearing in mind that the results of physical development depend primarily on the professional training of teachers, their pedagogical knowledge, a system of comprehensive methodological work to improve skills has been thought out.
The teacher who guards the health of the child, educating the culture of the health of the child and parents, first of all, must be healthy himself, have valeological knowledge, not overworked, must be able to objectively assess his own advantages and disadvantages associated with professional activities, draw up a plan for the necessary self-correction and proceed to its implementation.
Technologies of valeological education of parents
The main educators of the child are the parents. From how the child’s day regimen is properly organized, what attention the parents pay to the child’s health, his mood, the state of physical comfort depend. A healthy lifestyle of a child, to which he is taught in an educational institution, can either find daily support at home, and then be fixed, or not found, and then the information received will be superfluous and painful for the child.
Information and educational activities are expressed in the formation of a healthy lifestyle in parents as a value, as well as in acquainting parents with various forms of work on physical education in a preschool institution, informing about the state of health and physical development, about the level of motor fitness of their child; attracting parents to participate in various joint physical culture leisure activities and holidays.
Health-saving educational technologies are the most significant among all known technologies in terms of the degree of impact on children's health. Their main feature is the use of psychological and pedagogical techniques, methods, approaches to solving emerging problems.
Educational activity involves conducting classes and conversations with preschoolers about the need to observe the daily routine, the importance of hygiene and motor culture, health and means of strengthening it, the functioning of the body and the rules for caring for it, children acquire cultural skills and a healthy lifestyle, knowledge of the rules of safe behavior and reasonable actions in unforeseen situations.
Preparation for a healthy lifestyle of a child based on health-saving technologies should become a priority in the activities of each educational institution for preschool children.
Forms of recreational work in a preschool institution.
In a pre-school institution, several forms of physical education of children are provided daily in all age groups, which contributes to the strengthening of health and allows for the necessary physical activity of children throughout the day.
Particular attention in the daily routine should be given to hardening procedures that promote health and reduce morbidity. Tempering activities, as an important part of physical culture, contribute to the creation of mandatory conditions and habits of a healthy lifestyle. The used hardening system provides for a variety of forms and methods, as well as changes due to the seasons, age and individual characteristics of the health status of children.
When working with children, the basic hardening principles:
Implementation of hardening provided that the child is healthy;
The inadmissibility of hardening procedures if the child has negative emotional reactions (fear, crying, anxiety);
Careful consideration of the individual characteristics of the child, his age, the possibility of increased sensitivity to hardening measures;
The intensity of hardening procedures increases gradually and consistently, with the expansion of the zones of influence and the increase in the time of hardening;
Systematic and constancy of hardening (and not from case to case)
One of the most effective hardening procedures in everyday life is stroll. In order for the walk to be effective, the sequence of activities for children may change depending on the nature of the previous lesson and weather conditions. So, in the cold season and after the lesson in which the children were sitting, the walk begins with a run, an outdoor game; in the warm season or after physical education and music classes - from observation, calm games.
A walk is one of the most important regime moments during which children can sufficiently realize their motor needs. The best form for this is outdoor games and physical exercises on the street.
Outdoor play occupies a special place in the development of a preschool child. It helps to consolidate and improve motor skills and abilities, provides an opportunity to develop cognitive interest, forms the ability to navigate in the surrounding reality, which is so important for a child to gain life experience.
A variety of game activities develop dexterity, speed, coordination of movements and have a positive effect on the emotional state of children.
The need for movements in preschool children is great, but a fragile organism is extremely sensitive not only to a lack, but also to an excess of movements. That is why, when choosing outdoor games and game exercises, one should try to observe the optimal mode of motor activity, regulate the permissible load by changing the game situation, increase or decrease the number of repetitions.
In addition to outdoor games, a variety of exercises in the main types of movements can be widely used in kindergarten:
Running and walking
Throwing, throwing and catching the ball
Obstacle Course Exercises
Physical exercises carried out in the fresh air contribute to the functional improvement of the child's body, increase its efficiency, development of protective forces in relation to adverse environmental factors. For every two weeks there are 3-4 sets of physical exercises in the air:
For good weather (according to the season);
In case of wet weather;
For gusty winds.
Of course, special importance in the upbringing of a healthy child in a preschool institution should be given to the development of movements in physical education classes. Moreover, in each age period, physical education classes have a different focus:
They give pleasure to small children, teach them to navigate in space, to use elementary insurance techniques;
In middle age, they develop physical qualities, first of all, endurance and strength;
In older groups, they form the need for movement, develop motor abilities and independence.
Great health and educational value for children is swimming , which is one of the important types of cyclic loads, which has a powerful health-improving general developmental effect. Swimming differs from all other sports exercises in its unlimited age range of application and has a beneficial effect on the cardiovascular and respiratory systems: it improves thermoregulation, gas exchange, sleep, and increases efficiency. Swimming is also an effective means of preventing and even treating posture and stoop disorders. During swimming, the child's spine straightens, the muscles of the arms and legs perform rhythmic movements that affect the flexibility of the spine.
When conducting classes in the pool, it is necessary to take into account the age and individual characteristics of children, ensure compliance with the rules and instructions, and exercise systematic medical and pedagogical control over the implementation of the regimen and organization of swimming classes, planning and methods of conducting.
One of the most important components of strengthening and improving the child's body, as well as the organization of the child's motor regime, aimed at raising the emotional and muscle tone of children, is morning exercises .
Daily exercise under the guidance of an adult contributes to the manifestation of certain volitional efforts, develops in children a useful habit to start the day with morning exercises. Morning gymnastics gradually involves the entire body of the child in an active state, strengthens breathing, increases blood circulation, promotes metabolism, causes a need for oxygen, and helps develop correct posture. To prevent the occurrence of flat feet, exercises are offered to strengthen the arch of the foot - lifting on toes, on heels.
The music that accompanies the movements creates a cheerful mood, has a positive effect on the nervous system of the child.
Morning exercises are carried out daily before breakfast, for 10–12 minutes outdoors or indoors (depending on weather conditions). During the entire morning gymnastics held indoors, the windows remain open, the children are engaged in physical education and barefoot.
In between classes, especially in the older groups of the kindergarten, motor workout. Its purpose is to prevent the development of fatigue in children, to relieve emotional stress during classes with mental stress, which contributes to a faster perception of program material. Motor warm-up allows you to actively relax after mental stress and forced static posture, helps to increase the motor activity of children. Game exercises used in the warm-up are well known to children, simple in content, with a small number of rules, not long in time (no more than 10-12 minutes), accessible to children with different levels of physical activity.
In order to prevent fatigue in classes associated with prolonged sitting in a monotonous position, requiring focused attention and maintaining the mental performance of children at a good level, physical education minutes.
Physical education minutes increase the general tone, motor skills, contribute to the training of the mobility of nervous processes, develop attention and memory, create a positive emotional mood and relieve psycho-emotional stress.
Physical education sessions are held by the educator as necessary during classes for the development of speech, the formation of elementary mathematical concepts, etc. The duration is 3-5 minutes.
Physical education sessions are held in numerous forms: in the form of general developmental exercises (movements of the head, arms, torso, legs), outdoor games, didactic games with different movements, dance movements and game exercises. A physical minute may be accompanied by a text related or not related to the content of the lesson.
Along with various recreational activities in a preschool institution, gymnastics after nap , which helps to improve the mood of children, increase muscle tone, and also helps prevent posture and foot disorders. Gymnastics is carried out with open windows for 7-15 minutes. Throughout the year, various variations of gymnastics are used.
Workout in bed. Children gradually wake up to the sounds of pleasant music and, lying in bed on their backs over a blanket, perform 5-6 exercises of a general developmental impact. Exercises are performed from different positions: lying on your side, on your stomach, sitting. After completing the exercises, the children get up and perform several movements at a different pace (walking in place, walking on massage mats, gradually turning into a run). Then everyone moves from the bedroom to a well-ventilated group room and performs arbitrary dance, musical-rhythmic or other movements to the music.
Game gymnastics. Consists of 3-6 simulation exercises. Children imitate the movements of birds, animals, plants, create various images (“skier”, “skater”, “parsley”, “flower”).
Jogging along the massage paths. They are combined with contrast air baths and are carried out 2 times a week for 5-7 minutes. The massage track consists of aids and items that promote foot massage. Children work out barefoot, walk at a fast pace along the path and smoothly switch to running (1-1.5 min.) And again switch to calm walking with breathing exercises. This contributes to the development of endurance, coordination of movements, the formation of the foot and the strengthening of the body of children.
Breathing exercises. The health of a person, his physical and mental activity largely depends on proper breathing. Breathing exercises increase ventilation, lymph and blood circulation in the lungs, reduce spasm of the bronchi and bronchioles, improve their patency, promote sputum production, train the ability to voluntarily control breathing, form the correct biomechanics of breathing, and prevent diseases and complications of the respiratory system.
In preschool children, the respiratory muscles are still weak, so a special system of exercises is needed in natural rhythmic breathing, as well as in the correct use of inhalation and exhalation with simple and more complex movements, and the rhythm of breathing and movement form one rhythmic whole. Gymnastic exercises that form proper breathing include exercises for setting up proper breathing through the nose, developing the muscles of the chest to increase its elasticity, and actively stretching the spine. All exercises are carried out in their own respiratory rhythm, slowly, following the inhalation and exhalation and a compensatory pause after exhalation. Inhale through the nose, exhale through the mouth into closed lips, combine breathing exercises with general developmental exercises, form a mixed type of breathing.
Acupressure - an elementary method of self-help to your body. Acupressure exercises teach children to consciously take care of their health, instill in them the confidence that they themselves can help themselves improve their well-being. Along with this, acupressure is the prevention of colds.
During the finger massage, irritation of the receptors of the skin, muscles, tendons, fingers occurs, the impulses from which pass simultaneously to the brain and spinal cord, and from there the command is already received to engage in the work of various organs and structures. Massage increases the protective properties of the membranes of the nasopharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi and other organs. Under the influence of massage, the body begins to produce its own drugs (for example, interferon), which are often much more effective and safer than pills.
Improving work in kindergarten must be carried out in summer period , carrying out a set of measures aimed at restoring the functional state of the child's body.
The central place in this complex is occupied by the regime of the day, which provides for the maximum stay of children in the open air, the duration of sleep and other types of recreation appropriate for their age. All activities related to physical activity (outdoor games, work, physical education) are carried out during the hours of the least insolation.
When implementing summer recreational work in kindergarten, it is necessary to adhere to the following principles:
· integrated use of preventive, hardening and health-improving technologies;
Continuous implementation of preventive, hardening and recreational activities;
Preferential use of non-pharmacological means of improvement;
use of simple and accessible technologies;
Formation of positive motivation in children to carry out preventive, hardening and recreational activities;
integration of the hardening prevention program into the family;
Improving the efficiency of the system of preventive, hardening and health-improving measures by observing sanitary norms and rules in the preschool educational institution, optimal motor mode and physical activity, sanitary condition of the institution, catering, air-thermal regime and the use of various forms of recreational work.
Thus, one of the aspects of strengthening the health of participants in the pedagogical process of preschool educational institutions is the creation of a health-saving environment. The basis for the development of conceptual directions of a health-saving environment are the following tasks:
- the formation of children's health on the basis of the integrated and systematic use of physical education means available for a particular preschool institution, optimization of motor activity in the fresh air;
- the use in the educational activities of the preschool educational institution of the spiritual, moral and cultural potential of the city, the microdistrict, the immediate environment, the upbringing of children on the traditions of Russian culture;
- constructive partnership of the family, the teaching staff and the children themselves in strengthening their health, developing their creative potential;
- ensuring the active position of children in the process of obtaining knowledge about a healthy lifestyle.
As means to solve these problems, can act as:
- direct teaching of children in elementary methods of a healthy lifestyle (health, finger, corrective, breathing exercises, self-massage) and the simplest skills in providing first aid for cuts, abrasions, burns, bites; as well as instilling elementary cultural and hygienic skills in children;
– rehabilitation measures (phytotherapy, vitamin therapy, aromatherapy, inhalation, functional music, physiotherapy exercises, massage, psycho-gymnastics, trainings);
- specially organized physical activity of the child (physical education, recreational physical education, outdoor games, sports and recreational holidays, thematic health holidays, going out into nature, excursions).
Thus, preparing a child for a healthy lifestyle based on health-saving technologies should become a priority in the activities of each educational institution for preschool children.
Test "Can your lifestyle be called healthy?"
Activate your entire immune system and get rid of ailments before they become serious. The proposed test will show if you know how to take care of your health. Highlight your chosen answer.
1. Which of the following symptoms do not require a visit to the doctor?
a) unusual fatigue
b) winter cold
c) chronic indigestion in the stomach.
2. How do you protect your ears when listening to music, recordings through stereo headphones?
a) do not turn on at full volume;
b) there is no need for this - the sound from the headphones does not reach a loudness that irritates the ear;
c) I do not set it to such a volume at which external conversations are not heard.
3. How often do you change your toothbrush?
a) twice a year
b) every 3-6 months
c) as soon as it acquires a shabby look.
4. What is your least protection against colds and flu?
a) frequent hand washing
b) influenza vaccination
c) refusal to walk in the cold season.
5. What time of day would you like to arrive at your destination?
a) early evening
b) at sunset
c) in the middle of the day.
6. How often do you rest your eyes after using the computer, reading or doing activities that require visual attention?
a) every hour
b) every half an hour;
c) every 10 minutes.
7. Which of the statements is true?
a) you can get a tan even on a cloudy day
b) if I want to sunbathe, I should use sunscreen with a factor below 10
c) dark people do not need sun protection
8. Which of the following is most effective for weight loss?
a) skipping breakfast, lunch or dinner
b) reducing alcohol consumption
c) exclusion from the diet of starchy foods.
9. How to breathe correctly?
c) none of the options is worse or better than the other.
10. Which of the following will cause the least damage to hair?
a) chemical perm
b) drying hair with a hairdryer
c) hair bleaching.
Summarize:
Record yourself 1 point for each of the following correct answers 1(b), 2(c), 3(b), 4(c), 5(a), 6(c), 7(a), 8(b) , 9(b), 10(b), add up the scores.
8 - 10 points- You know perfectly well what contributes to a healthy lifestyle, it's just a matter of applying this knowledge in practice.
5 - 7 points- You may have a good knowledge of the basics of most aspects of a healthy lifestyle, but some questions would be nice for you to refresh your memory.
4 or less points- Don't be discouraged, all is not lost - this chapter will help you acquire good daily life habits.
Aleksashina Irina Vadimovna,
educator
MADOU kindergarten №162 of the city of Tyumen
Consultation for educators
"Corner of valeology in the educational space of the group"
In recent years, one of the leading ideas has been the valueologization of education, according to which children's health is seen as a priority value, goal, necessary condition and result of a successful pedagogical process.
The health of children in the process of their development can not only be preserved or increased, but in a certain way be built and rebuilt. Therefore, in valeology, the most urgent task is the development in children of a conscious need for health and the development of practical skills for leading a healthy lifestyle. In this regard, the problem of the formation of the valeological culture of preschoolers becomes relevant.
In recent years, the level of health of children began to decline significantly. The number of children with congenital pathologies, with physical disabilities, the growth of colds and infectious diseases has increased. Such deterioration in health occurs for a number of reasons: a decline in the moral foundations of the family (divorces, alcoholism, drug addiction, murders, etc.); decrease in social well-being (low-income families, incomplete families, unemployment, problems with housing, etc.); bad ecology (pollution of soil, water, air, destruction of the green belt, testing of various types of weapons for military and peaceful purposes, etc.).
Giving children knowledge about health, a healthy lifestyle, protecting them from emotional or physical overstrain, as well as building a quality network of valeology classes, you can make children want to lead a healthy lifestyle.
Raising a healthy and full-fledged person is the most important task of society. Valeology is the science of health. Well-designed lessons in valeology in kindergarten will help the child to maintain their health in the future, not to get into dangerous situations. Children in the lessons of valeology expand their ideas about their body, about health, about situations dangerous to health and life, acquire the skills of personal hygiene, verbal communication, leisure culture. The child learns to treat others as himself.
Activities carried out in kindergarten to improve the health of children:
- Compliance with personal hygiene.
- Balanced diet.
- Hardening procedures: air and sun baths, bare walking, salt and massage path, contrast foot baths, compliance with temperature and water conditions, airing the premises, walking, breathing exercises, acupressure.
- Compliance with the daily routine.
- Vitaminization (vitamin C, drinks from herbs and berries).
- Prevention of colds
- Purification of air from dust and microorganisms by the Chizhevsky chandelier.
- Creation of conditions for physical activity.
- Morning exercises, physical education classes.
- The perfect combination of work and leisure.
Factors that ensure the preservation and strengthening of children:
Compliance with the daily routine;
Rational nutrition and diet;
Stay in the air;
hardening;
Physical activity;
Compliance with sanitary and hygienic norms and rules.
Psychological safety of children in preschool
Tasks of valeological education:
- Formation of a conscious attitude to health as a leading value and motivation for a healthy lifestyle.
- Accumulation of knowledge about health.
- The formation of the child's valeological competence as a readiness to independently solve the problems of a healthy lifestyle and safe behavior in unforeseen situations and the provision of elementary medical and psychological assistance.
The tasks of valeological education should be addressed in all types of children's activities: play, labor, etc.
We solve all these problems using the following methods:
Methods:
- verbal (conversations, reading, talking about a healthy lifestyle),
- visual (examination of illustrations, paintings, posters),
- - practical (watching animated films about healthy lifestyles;
exercises and games that develop the child's self-image, etc.)
Forms of organization of children:
- tours;
- observations;
- didactic games;
- reading fiction;
- role-playing games;
- the simplest experiments;
- self-observation;
- individual health care.
- hardening,
- Physical Culture,
- relaxation,
- physical education minutes,
- rational and nutritious nutrition,
- personal hygiene,
- use of folk remedies
- active work,
- rational rest,
- walks in the open air.
It is impossible to develop a child without creating the appropriate conditions for this. Therefore, one of the important stages in educating the basics of a healthy lifestyle in children is the creation of an object-spatial environment in a group. First of all, children need visibility, which is offered to them through the organization of valeological zones, corners or centers.
Tasks of the valeological corner:
Preserve and strengthen the physical and mental health of children;
Form a conscious attitude towards your health;
To acquaint children with the structure of the human body;
To form skills and observe the rules of personal hygiene;
Form a harmonious personality.
Three components of the valeological corner:
Nutrition
hygiene skills
Physical culture (sport)
So, the first component is nutrition:
During the meal, an artistic word is used: poems, nursery rhymes, proverbs. Approximate proverbs used during meals:
Good nutrition is the foundation of health.
Food is the basis of life.
Eating wisely means living long.
I present some didactic and outdoor games to nurture a culture of food
Target: Instilling a culture of food.
- "Helpful - harmful"
- "Together - separately"
- "Wonderful bag"
- "What can be prepared from these products?"
- "What, where does it grow?"
- "Let's harvest"
- "Magic Pot"
- "Vitamin alphabet"
- "Ascorbinka and her friends", etc.
Games for children from 3 to 7 years old
Purpose: to consolidate knowledge about useful and harmful products.
Children 3-4 years old are given cards with the image of food (up to 4-5 items). They must lay them out on a panel, divided into 2 parts. In the first part - green, useful products are laid out, in the other - red, harmful products are laid out. The game is played after the conversation.
Children 4 years old are given pictures depicting 5-8 food items. Pictures hang on a string around the neck. Children move around the site (run, walk, jump), stop at the “stop” signal and are distributed to that part of the site that matches the picture (useful green cord, harmful - red cord)
Children 5-7 years old perform the same tasks, but line up in columns in accordance with the color of the flag: green - useful products, red - harmful.
The second component of the valeological corner is hygienic skills.
A diagram of how to properly brush your teeth.
Table on how to properly wash your hands.
Didactic games: “Wash the doll”, “Pick up pictures”, “Hygiene rules”, “Let's make different hairstyles for dolls”, “Tanya caught a cold”, etc.
Role-playing games: "Polyclinic", "Ambulance", "Hospital", etc.
There is also a “Clean Chest”, it contains: a toothbrush, toothpaste, comb, shampoo, soap (liquid, lump), handkerchiefs (paper, cloth, wet wipes), cotton pads, cotton swabs.
The third component of the corner is physical culture
Didactic games "Sport", "Team of Champions", etc.
Card indexes of games (mobile, finger).
Physical education minutes.
Card files: morning exercises, exercises after sleep, visual exercises, breathing exercises.
Folder "Body structure"
Self-massage (health paths, massage mittens).
Massage (balls - hedgehogs).
In the corner, visual information about sports is presented: plot pictures in accordance with the age of the children. Sports and gaming equipment is also located here: a basket for throwing objects, multi-colored ribbons, simple and massage balls, a set of multi-colored skittles and balls, jump ropes, flags, handkerchiefs. Children with great interest and desire use this equipment in their free time.
To organize outdoor games, masks, half masks and hats of various fairy-tale characters are placed in the corner.
It is equipped with various types of massage mats, massage mitt, health disc, spiked foot and arm, spiked rug, do-it-yourself rugs: buttons, a rug using pencils and curlers - children like to walk on them + foot massage, and development of coordination of movements.
To develop breathing and increase lung capacity, sultans and turntables, soap bubbles, balloons, do-it-yourself games are used: “Hurricane in a Bottle”, “Clouds, Sun”.
Posture disorders that appeared at preschool age can later lead to the formation of persistent deformities of the skeletal system. To avoid this, preventive measures should be taken to promote the proper development of the body. Throughout the day of the children's stay in kindergarten, it is necessary to ensure that they sit correctly during meals, classes, and rest. Moreover, in order to form a beautiful and healthy body, we not only show, but also tell how to sit correctly. The Correct Posture poster can help with this.
Also in the valeological corner there is information on dental care: algorithms for brushing teeth, healthy food for teeth, didactic games, for example, “Tooth is not sore”.
- "Valeology"
Puzzle games
Thematic dictionaries:
hygiene and health,
Me and my security
Me and my body.
Didactic cards:
ABC of health
How a person works.
Card files of valeological games.
Children are also offered morning gymnastics complexes, sports exercises for practicing at home, in kindergarten. Attributes for games are presented in the center, in which the child can fix the rules of hygiene, interaction with peers in problematic and everyday situations.
Excursions to the medical office are organized.
Conversations are held with children about the need to observe the daily routine, about the importance of motor culture, about health and means of strengthening it, about the functioning of the body and the rules for caring for it, children acquire the skills of culture and a healthy lifestyle, knowledge of the rules of safe behavior and reasonable actions in unforeseen situations .
The best valeological program will not be able to give positive results if its tasks are not solved together with the family, if the community "children - parents - teachers" is not created in the preschool educational institution.
Tasks:
- Establishment of confidential and business contact with parents;
- Improving the pedagogical culture of parents;
- Healthy lifestyle promotion;
- Study, implementation, dissemination of best practices in family education.
Forms of work with parents:
- General parent meetings;
- Open days with the opportunity to view classes, get acquainted with the organization of food, various forms of physical culture and health work;
- Helpline;
- Carrying out joint events: - sports olympiads, sports leisure activities, holidays, days of health; - entertainment evenings; - birthday days; - vitamin and tea tables;
- Creation of a library for parents in the methodologist's office;
- Conducting consultations with a doctor, psychologist, speech therapist, physical education instructor;
- Organization of exhibitions "Clothing and health of children", "The world through the eyes of children", etc.
The effectiveness of work on an integrated approach in the organization of a healthy lifestyle for a child can be determined by the following indicators:
- Decrease in morbidity.
- Increasing the level of physical and mental health.
- Increasing the motor activity of children.
- Dynamics of indicators of physical readiness of preschoolers.
- Conscious attitude of children to their own health and the use of available ways to strengthen it.
- General readiness for schooling.
- Cooperation of preschool educational institutions with parents in the organization of a healthy lifestyle.
Thus, all educational and recreational activities allow you to develop an attitude towards your body, instill the necessary sanitary and hygienic skills, and best adapt the child to constantly changing environmental conditions. Such adaptability is manifested in resistance to extreme conditions, the immunity of the child's body to various pathogenic factors - in a word, it teaches to lead a healthy lifestyle from childhood.
I would like to finish the consultation with the words of Dr. Komarovsky: "Only a healthy child can be happy."
Literature:
- Valeology. Abstracts of complex lessons in kindergarten (from 3 to 7 years). N. O. Sizova.: St. Petersburg: Paritet, 2008.
- Wellness games. Younger group. / ed. - comp. S. E Golomidova. - Volgograd: ITD "Coripheus", 2005.
- Wellness classes for children 6-7 years old. Kartushina M. Yu. - M .: TC Sphere, 2010.
- The child cognizes the world (game lessons on the formation of self-image for younger preschoolers) / ed. - comp. T. V. Smirnova. - Volgograd: teacher, 2011.
- Formation of a healthy lifestyle among preschoolers: planning, system of work / ed. - comp. T. G. Karepova. - Volgograd: Teacher, 2011.
We invite teachers of preschool education in the Tyumen region, YaNAO and Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug-Yugra to publish their methodological material:
- Pedagogical experience, author's programs, teaching aids, presentations for classes, electronic games;
- Personally developed notes and scenarios of educational activities, projects, master classes (including video), forms of work with families and teachers.
Why is it profitable to publish with us?
