Denial of reality: where do people who believe that the earth is flat come from? Scientists have found out how the dead feel: they realize everything and understand that they are “gone” Option 5 although the person always knew

Job type: 1
Topic: Main idea and theme of the text

Condition

Indicate two sentences that correctly convey HOME information contained in the text.

Text:

Show text

(1) (2) < ... > (W)

Answer options

Task 2

Job type: 2

Condition

Which of the following words (combinations of words) should take the place of the gap in the second (2) text sentence?

Text:

Show text

(1) Although man has always known about the existence of fire, which can occur naturally in nature, it took thousands of years for people to learn how to independently produce and use fire. (2) < ... > people discovered that if you rub two wooden sticks against each other for a long time, they light up, and if you hit two stones against each other, sparks sometimes appear, and this discovery became one of the most important in the history of mankind: it allowed man to make fire himself when it was necessary to keep warm, scare away predatory animals, or prepare food. (W) The ability to make fire allowed the development of new technologies in many areas of human activity, such as cooking and storing food, metal processing, glass and ceramics, leather processing, lighting, heating and much more.

Answer options

Task 3

Job type: 3
Topic: Lexical meaning of a word

Condition

Read a fragment of a dictionary entry that gives the meaning of the word NATURE. Determine the meaning in which this word is used in the first (1) proposal. Indicate the number corresponding to this value in the given fragment of the dictionary entry.

NATURE, -y, w.

Text:

Show text

Answer options

Task 4

Job type: 4
Topic: Setting stress (spelling)

Condition

In one of the words below there is an error in the emphasis: WRONG The letter denoting the stressed vowel sound is highlighted. Enter this word.

Answer options

Task 5

Job type: 5
Topic: Use of paronyms (lexicology)

Condition

In one of the sentences below WRONG the highlighted word is used. Correct the error and write the word correctly.

Successful entrepreneurs have always valued the reputation of their company and strived to comply with ETHICAL standards, demonstrating a willingness to sacrifice short-term profit in order not to cross acceptable boundaries of behavior.

In the second half of the 20th century, they were tested various options DEMOCRATIC reforms, which differed in their goals, duration and results.

When issuing a driver's license for the right to drive vehicles In another category, the previously issued certificate is withdrawn, and the authorizing marks and records from it are transferred to the new one.

The area around the office building with parking for employees was completely FENCED, and parking spaces for visitors were installed behind the fence.

When museum visitors find themselves in front of a painting in which the artist has depicted the streets of their hometown, they are invariably overcome with a strong feeling.

Task 6

Job type: 7
Topic: Formation of word forms (morphology)

Condition

In one of the words highlighted below, an error was made in the formation of the word form. Correct the error and write the word correctly.

with FOUR HUNDRED schoolchildren

talented DIRECTORS

HARDER THAN rubber

DRIVE CAREFULLY

RARE copy

Task 7

Job type: 8
Topic: Syntactic norms. Approval standards. Governance standards

Condition

Match the sentences with the grammatical errors they contain. Grammatical errors are indicated by letters, sentences by numbers.

Grammar error:

A) disruption of the connection between subject and predicate

B) incorrect use of the case form of a noun with a preposition

IN) incorrect construction of sentences with participial phrases

G) incorrect construction of sentences with participial phrases

D) incorrect construction of sentences with indirect speech

Offer:

1) Immediately upon arrival in the village of Konstantinovo - the poet’s homeland - the schoolchildren went to the museum.

2) On October 12, 1492, Columbus's fleet, which consisted of three light ships for long-distance sailing, spotted a small island on the horizon.

3) Usually, when creating your own work, it expresses the author’s attitude towards life and people.

4) The Valley of Geysers is a volcanic canyon about two kilometers wide and just over four kilometers long.

5) The Moscow government has approved a development program for the Kolomenskoye museum-reserve, according to which an ethnographic complex is being created on the territory of Kolomenskoye.

6) According to K.I. Chukovsky, the main goal of children's writers is that “we educate humanity in a child at any cost.”

7) The human body, in which complex biochemical mechanisms operate, requires daily intake of the necessary nutrients.

8) At the end of the ceremonial part, forum guests were invited to watch a documentary film that widely covered the topic of the upcoming discussions.

9) A.N. Tolstoy wrote that a person can convey in words “not only ideas, concepts, but also the most complex pictures.”

Record your results in a table.

Answers

Task 8

Job type: 9
Topic: Spelling roots

Condition

Identify the word in which the unstressed alternating vowel of the root is missing. Write out this word by inserting the missing letter.

m..darine

lock up

consider

intellectual.. intellectual

d..rector

Task 9

Job type: 10
Topic: Spelling of prefixes

Condition

Identify the row in which the same letter is missing in both words. Write out these words by inserting the missing letter. Write the words without spaces, commas or other additional characters.

pr..grad, pr..rain

by..build, about..beat

from..tear, n..write

drive up... drive up, get in...

and..bend, burn..burn

Task 10

Job type: 11
Topic: Spelling of suffixes (except “N” and “NN”)

Condition

Answer options

Task 11

Job type: 12
Topic: Spelling personal endings of verbs and participle suffixes

Condition

Indicate the word in which a letter is written in place of the blank AND.

Answer options

Task 12

Job type: 13
Topic: Spelling “NOT” and “NOR”

Condition

Identify the sentence in which NOT is written with the word FULL. Open the brackets and write down this word.

In the lush greenery of the bush, a still (NOT) FULLY blossomed bud was brightly pink. The musician (UN)THOUGHTINGLY agreed to participate in the competition for young performers. Alexey suddenly felt that he (DON’T) WANT to share his new experiences even with his closest friends.

(NOT) FEAR a smart enemy, but fear a foolish friend.

You need to cherish (UN)FORGETTABLE moments of communication with beauty.

Task 13

Job type: 14
Topic: Continuous, separate and hyphenated spelling of words

Condition

Identify the sentence in which both highlighted words are written FULL. Open the brackets and write down these two words without spaces, commas or other additional characters.

(OVER) everything academic year friends were actively involved in sports, (THUS) they readily supported the coach in his desire to create a basketball team.

(C)LEVA the picture shows girls, boys, married women watching the capture of the fortress, and children are also crowding HERE.

(NOT) DESPITE the increasing rain, the children still selflessly continued to play catch-up.

TO achieve success in life, you need to be a well-organized person and, (IN) PLACE of fruitless observations of the activities of other people, actively act yourself.

(C)OVER millennia, countless treasures of human thought and spirit accumulate and live forever in the word, (THUS) THIS is why you need to treat your native language with respect and care.

Task 14

Job type: 15
Topic: Spelling “N” and “NN”

Condition

Indicate all the numbers in whose place it is written NN. Write the numbers in a row without spaces, commas or other additional characters.

The character of the picture, created (1) by the artist based on a famous fairy-tale plot, dressed in a brocade caftan and a red cap with a lapel, with his right hand he holds the decoration (2) oh dears (3) gilded with stones (4) scabbard with a magic sword.

Task 15

Job type: 16
Topic: Punctuation marks in a complex sentence and in a sentence with homogeneous members

Condition

Place punctuation marks. Specify two sentences in which you need to put ONE comma.

Answer options

Task 16

Job type: 17
Topic: Punctuation marks in sentences with isolated members

Condition

How different streets (1) passing one into another (2) form a whole city, so a series of proposals (3) related in meaning and grammatically (4) represents text.

Task 17

Job type: 18
Topic: Punctuation marks for words and constructions that are grammatically unrelated to the members of the sentence

Condition

Place punctuation marks: indicate all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentences. Write the numbers in a row without spaces, commas or other additional characters.

Birches and aspens (1) as if (2) They run down the gently sloping bank to the river that carries its waters into the distance. This (3) it would seem (4) an unremarkable landscape under Levitan’s brush turns into an amazing poetic image.

Task 18

Job type: 19
Topic: Punctuation marks in a complex sentence

Condition

Place punctuation marks: indicate all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentence. Write the numbers in a row without spaces, commas or other additional characters.

Along the shady alley (1) in depth (2) which (3) the small gazebo was getting dark (4) couples in love walked in the evenings.

Task 19

Job Type: 20
Topic: Punctuation marks in a complex sentence with different types of connections

Condition

Place punctuation marks: indicate all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentence. Write the numbers in a row without spaces, commas or other additional characters.

Dog first all the time (1) ran ahead of the hunter (2) But (3) as soon as she felt the game (4) her steps slowed down and became creeping.

Task 20

Job type: 22
Topic: Text as a speech work. Semantic and compositional integrity of the text

Condition

Which of the statements correspond to the content of the text? Write down the answer numbers without spaces, commas or other additional characters.

Sayings:

1) The narrator regrets that he did not tell his mother about his love for her.

2) The character of the narrator reflected the character of his mother.

3) The narrator's mother managed to successfully implement her business activities.

4) The plane, which is called in the text “maize plant”, had wide range applications in agriculture.

5) Participation in my mother’s “project” helped the narrator understand her better.

Text:

Show text

(1) (2) (3)

(4) (5) (6) (7) (8)

- I love you...

(9) (10) (11)

(12) (13)

(14) (15) (16) (17) (18) (19) (20)

(21) (22) (23) (24)

(25) (26) (27) (28) (29) (30) (31)

(32) (33) (34) (35) Unless I sell cherries...

(36) (37)

(38) (39) (40) (41)

(According to Yu. Nechiporenko)

Yuri Dmitrievich Nechiporenko

Task 21

Job type: 23
Topic: Functional and semantic types of speech

Condition

Which of the following statements are true? Write down the answer numbers without spaces, commas or other additional characters.

Statements:

1) Sentences 1-3 present the reasoning.

2) Sentences 4-6 contain the description.

3) Proposition 15 explains Proposition 14.

4) Sentences 25-27 contain the narrative.

5) Sentences 29-30 contain the description.

Text:

Show text

(1) My childhood was wonderful. (2) As a child, there was no money, there was no interesting work, but all this was a gainful endeavor. (3) But in childhood there was a father and mother.

(4) In our family, the father always reigned with his unquestioned authority. (5) There was no place for the mother in boys' games. (6) Of course, I couldn’t live without her breakfasts, lunches and dinners, but it was so ordinary that it was unnoticeable... (7) Tenderness was not accepted in our family. (8) We didn’t kiss mom before bed and didn’t say in a fit of emotion:

- I love you...

(9) Have I told her this at least once? (10) Life was so filled with important things that there was no room for the usual: I ran home for a minute, had a snack - and again went back to where friends, games and passions were. (11) Ninety percent of me consisted of my mother’s worries, but I didn’t notice them, just as we don’t feel and don’t see the air we breathe at all.

(12) My mother and I lived nearby, but it was as if different worlds. (13) These worlds came into contact only once, when a story happened that turned out to be more interesting than all the adventures and undertakings: playing football, shooting from a self-propelled gun and launching rockets.

(14) Usually my mother spent time at the stove, in the bathroom or on the sofa - reading books, I remember crying over Dostoevsky’s “Poor People”. (15) But sometimes she suddenly jumped up from the sofa, full of energy and ready for exploits. (16) She was attracted by business activity; her mother was full of the most daring business plans. (17) She loved to say: “We lived poorly - that’s enough!” (18) But her business was usually limited to dreams and laughter. (19) She shared her plans with her loved ones, and they laughed at her. (20) And in vain, because the main thing for the author of the project is self-confidence, and criticism from loved ones can destroy the sprouts of the most brilliant undertakings.

(21) And yet one day my mother was able to captivate me with her plan. (22) It was about flying on an airplane! (23) I was assigned the role of an assistant: in the morning she bought three buckets of cherries at our market, we boarded a plane and half an hour later we found ourselves in the regional center, where these same cherries could be sold for considerable profit! (24) The prospect of flying on an airplane seemed so tempting to me that I decided to support my mother in spite of all my doubts.

(25) At six o'clock in the morning, we, helping each other, shifting buckets of purchased cherries from hand to hand, dragged ourselves to the airfield. (26) On a bare field there was a trailer and a couple of green “corn farmers” were spending the night. (27) We climbed into the belly of the airplane, placed buckets under our feet, and after a short run, we soared into the air with a terrible rumble. (28) We didn’t rise above the clouds, but even the height of a couple of hundred meters at which the flight took place was breathtaking. (29) The green earth hung below us, rounded at the edges and swaying from side to side, like a huge Christmas tree decoration- a ball on a string. (30) Fields and meadows ran below us until we saw pipes and houses below big city. (31) With a whistle in our ears, holding buckets of cherries in our shaking hands, we stepped onto the concrete field of the airfield.

(32) The end of our business project was inglorious: it turned out that here at the central market cherries go for the same price as at our bazaar. (33) Now it seems to me that this was my mother’s most successful enterprise, the most successful undertaking: the money invested in this project turned into feelings. (34) My mother and I were connected by a business in which the worlds of adults and children came into contact and thanks to which I can now feel her character in mine: I also love to read and dream about great things, and then I also jump up and go to storm the sky in search of a better life in the world. market today. (35) Unless I sell cherries...

(36) But I began to understand this only now, having matured. (37) When I remember this story, I am overcome with the desire to be in childhood, to find my mother there and tell her what I never said, what was not customary to say in our family, but what was implied, like the air around us:

- Thank you, mom, I love you.

(38) Now I can only say this in a dream, and, rising up, as if on a cornfield, I again see the earth beneath me, swaying and rounding at the edges... (39) Mom is next to me, we exchange glances. (40) We are flying on a plane, we are full of bright plans. (41) Between us we have three buckets of heavenly cherries.

(According to Yu. Nechiporenko)

Yuri Dmitrievich Nechiporenko (born in 1956) - Russian prose writer, art critic, artist, cultural critic.

Task 22

Job type: 24
Topic: Lexicology. Synonyms. Antonyms. Homonyms. Phraseological phrases. Origin and use of words in speech

Condition

From sentence 30, write down the word in a figurative meaning.

Text:

Show text

(1) My childhood was wonderful. (2) As a child, there was no money, there was no interesting work, but all this was a gainful endeavor. (3) But in childhood there was a father and mother.

- I love you...

(12) My mother and I lived nearby, but as if in different worlds. (13) These worlds came into contact only once, when a story happened that turned out to be more interesting than all the adventures and undertakings: playing football, shooting from a self-propelled gun and launching rockets.

(25) At six o'clock in the morning, we, helping each other, shifting buckets of purchased cherries from hand to hand, dragged ourselves to the airfield. (26) On a bare field there was a trailer and a couple of green “corn farmers” were spending the night. (27) We climbed into the belly of the airplane, placed buckets under our feet, and after a short run, we soared into the air with a terrible rumble. (28) We didn’t rise above the clouds, but even the height of a couple of hundred meters at which the flight took place was breathtaking. (29) The green earth hung below us, rounded at the edges and swaying from side to side, like a huge Christmas tree decoration - a ball on a string. (30) Fields and meadows ran below us until we saw the chimneys and houses of a large city below. (31) With a whistle in our ears, holding buckets of cherries in our shaking hands, we stepped onto the concrete field of the airfield.

- Thank you, mom, I love you.

(According to Yu. Nechiporenko)

Yuri Dmitrievich Nechiporenko (born in 1956) - Russian prose writer, art critic, artist, cultural critic.

Task 23

Job type: 25
Topic: Means of communication of sentences in the text

Condition

Among sentences 1-8, find one that is connected to the previous one using a possessive pronoun. Write the number of this offer.

Text:

Show text

(1) My childhood was wonderful. (2) As a child, there was no money, there was no interesting work, but all this was a gainful endeavor. (3) But in childhood there was a father and mother.

- I love you...

(25) At six o'clock in the morning, we, helping each other, shifting buckets of purchased cherries from hand to hand, dragged ourselves to the airfield. (26) On a bare field there was a trailer and a couple of green “corn farmers” were spending the night. (27) We climbed into the belly of the airplane, placed buckets under our feet, and after a short run, we soared into the air with a terrible rumble. (28) We didn’t rise above the clouds, but even the height of a couple of hundred meters at which the flight took place was breathtaking. (29) The green earth hung below us, rounded at the edges and swaying from side to side, like a huge Christmas tree decoration - a ball on a string. (30) Fields and meadows ran below us until we saw the chimneys and houses of a large city below. (31) With a whistle in our ears, holding buckets of cherries in our shaking hands, we stepped onto the concrete field of the airfield.

- Thank you, mom, I love you.

(According to Yu. Nechiporenko)

Yuri Dmitrievich Nechiporenko (born in 1956) - Russian prose writer, art critic, artist, cultural critic.

Task 24

Job type: 26
Topic: Language means of expression

Condition

Read a fragment of a review based on the text. This fragment examines the linguistic features of the text. Some terms used in the review are missing. Fill in the blanks with the necessary terms from the list. Gaps are indicated by letters, terms by numbers.

Review fragment:

“Childhood memories are still alive in the author’s soul many years later. The vividness of children's impressions is reflected by the figurative and expressive means used in the text: lexical - (A) __________ ("took my breath away" in sentence 28) and syntactic - (B) __________ (“like a huge Christmas tree decoration - a ball on a string” in sentence 29). Reflecting on the personality of his mother, on his relationship with her, the author uses such a trope as (IN) __________ (in sentences 11, 20, 34), and reception - (G) __________ (“the most successful” in sentence 33).”

List of terms:

1) parcellation

2) metaphor

3) phraseological unit

4) introductory words

5) lexical repetition

6) dialogue

7) exclamation sentences

8) rows of homogeneous members

9) comparative turnover

Text:

Show text

(1) My childhood was wonderful. (2) As a child, there was no money, there was no interesting work, but all this was a gainful endeavor. (3) But in childhood there was a father and mother.

- I love you...

(25) At six o'clock in the morning, we, helping each other, shifting buckets of purchased cherries from hand to hand, dragged ourselves to the airfield. (26) On a bare field there was a trailer and a couple of green “corn farmers” were spending the night. (27) We climbed into the belly of the airplane, placed buckets under our feet, and after a short run, we soared into the air with a terrible rumble. (28) We didn’t rise above the clouds, but even the height of a couple of hundred meters at which the flight took place was breathtaking. (29) The green earth hung below us, rounded at the edges and swaying from side to side, like a huge Christmas tree decoration - a ball on a string. (30) Fields and meadows ran below us until we saw the chimneys and houses of a large city below. (31) With a whistle in our ears, holding buckets of cherries in our shaking hands, we stepped onto the concrete field of the airfield.

- Thank you, mom, I love you.

Formulate one of the problems posed by the author of the text.

Comment on the formulated problem. Include in your comment two illustrative examples from the text you read that you think are important for understanding the problem in the source text (avoid excessive quoting).

Formulate the position of the author (storyteller). Write whether you agree or disagree with the point of view of the author of the text you read. Explain why. Argue your opinion, relying primarily on reading experience, as well as knowledge and life observations (the first two arguments are taken into account).

The volume of the essay is at least 150 words.

Work written without reference to the text read (not based on this text) is not graded. If the essay is a retelling or a complete rewrite of the original text without any comments, then such work is scored zero points.

Write your essay neatly and in legible handwriting.

Text:

Show text

(1) My childhood was wonderful. (2) As a child, there was no money, there was no interesting work, but all this was a gainful endeavor. (3) But in childhood there was a father and mother.

- I love you...

(25) At six o'clock in the morning, we, helping each other, shifting buckets of purchased cherries from hand to hand, dragged ourselves to the airfield. (26) On a bare field there was a trailer and a couple of green “corn farmers” were spending the night. (27) We climbed into the belly of the airplane, placed buckets under our feet, and after a short run, we soared into the air with a terrible rumble. (28) We didn’t rise above the clouds, but even the height of a couple of hundred meters at which the flight took place was breathtaking. (29) The green earth hung below us, rounded at the edges and swaying from side to side, like a huge Christmas tree decoration - a ball on a string. (30) Fields and meadows ran below us until we saw the chimneys and houses of a large city below. (31) With a whistle in our ears, holding buckets of cherries in our shaking hands, we stepped onto the concrete field of the airfield.

- Thank you, mom, I love you.

(According to Yu. Nechiporenko)

Yuri Dmitrievich Nechiporenko (born in 1956) - Russian prose writer, art critic, artist, cultural critic.

Until recently, I could not understand why a significant number of people share completely wild, in my opinion, views on politics, economics and history, he writes in his blog analyst Vadim Zhartun.

How, for example, can people foam at the mouth and claim that the USSR was almost the promised land with delicious ice cream and free apartments, completely ignoring its other “charms”: total shortages, the squalor of goods, 90% of them poorly copied from outdated Western models , outright poverty of the population, strangulation of basic freedoms and lies in literally everything?

Why is Stalin for them an “effective manager”, who first almost single-handedly accomplished industrialization, and then saved the country from the horrors of fascism, and not an executioner who destroyed millions of innocent people and unleashed the Second World War hand in hand with Hitler (Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact) ?

How much longer will communists run around with the long-rotten ideas of Marx, if it is obvious to any first-year student at a modern economics university that the credo of communism formulated by him (“To each according to his abilities, to each according to his needs”) contradicts common sense and human nature (needs are limitless)?

Well, to hell with history, there are things that are more relevant. How can one be indignant at officials who are plundering the country and finishing off its economy with the wildest regulations, but at the same time consider that Putin (who directly appointed them to positions) has absolutely nothing to do with it and is generally “handsome”?

How can the thoughts that “sanctions are nonsense and only benefit us” coexist in people’s heads with dissatisfaction with surrogate products filling the shelves at exorbitant prices?

How does the status of a global superpower, possessing missiles that have no analogues in the world “with a nuclear engine, unlimited range and unpredictable trajectory,” fit with 27.8% of Russians forced in the 21st century to freeze their asses in a birdhouse next to their house?..

This list can go on and on, but you get the point: there is a lot of statistical data, mountains of publications and a huge number of absolutely obvious facts, but people manage to successfully ignore all this, not just remaining captive to their delusions, but fiercely defending them!

I was sincerely perplexed as to how this was even possible until I encountered the “flat earthers.” These are the guys who absolutely seriously believe that:

the earth is a flat disk 40,000 kilometers in diameter, centered near the North Pole;
the sun and moon rotate over the surface of the earth. The same thing happens with the stars;
there is no gravity, and the acceleration of gravity occurs due to the fact that the Earth is moving upward with an acceleration of 9.8 m/s²;
the south pole does not exist, and Antarctica is an ice wall encircling the world;
all photographs of the Earth from space are fakes, and everyone who disagrees with their point of view is participating in a conspiracy to hide the truth from people.

They even have their own organization - the Flat Earth Society, no one catches them to put them in a madhouse, they are not injected with antipsychotic drugs in their heads and are not forced to read a physics textbook for the seventh grade of high school.

“Flat Earthers” are just one (albeit very clear) example of a fairly widespread phenomenon - denialism. The essence of denialism is very simple: when faced with any fact that contradicts their beliefs, adequate people correct their beliefs, and denialists reject a fact that does not fit into their beliefs.

Suddenly it turned out that there are a lot of people denying the facts on which there was a consensus in society a long time ago. Perhaps you are one of them. Look at these statements:

eating genetically modified organisms is dangerous;
there is no human immunodeficiency virus;
global warming does not exist;
Americans did not land on the moon;
children do not need to be vaccinated;
evolution is only a theory;
The harm of smoking has not been proven.

If you agree with at least one of them, you are a denialist, congratulations. Do not rush to get scared, upset or try to prove that you are right - to one degree or another, denialism is characteristic of each of us, regardless of gender, age and even education.

Political denialism is easily confused with a normal political position, but there is a significant difference between them - denialism is irrational. “We are against raising taxes because it will slow down economic growth” - this is normal. “We are against the tax increases that the overseas handlers from the Fed are imposing on our country in order to enslave us and take over the country” - typical denialism.

Denialism should not be confused with lying. A liar deceives others, a denialist deceives himself. A deputy who tells voters about the horrors of the geyropa in which he bought a house and where his wife and daughters live is a liar. A Uralvagonzavod worker who breaks his iPhone purchased on credit to take revenge on the US for sanctions is a denialist. An idiot and a denialist - these two qualities are related to each other.

The reasons for the emergence of political denialism are banal.

Fear

Some people feel sick at the thought of standing with their feet stuck to a tiny spinning ball flying in the abyss without any support, some people are scared to inject their child with a vaccine, albeit a deactivated one, with a virus, while others are simply afraid to admit to myself that all my life I was an idiot who was regaled with beautiful stories about patriotism in order to squeeze him dry.

That he eked out a miserable existence not for the sake of a great idea, but so that some fat mug could buy his children a villa in Italy. That his life was lived mediocrely and in vain, and his own children will inherit only tattered trousers, a one-room apartment in Zazhopinsk and a country plundered to the ground. And that the reason for this is not the machinations of the world behind the scenes, but his own stupidity.

It is very painful to realize this, and it is difficult to blame those who are trying to escape from this pain into saving illusions.

Laziness

Revising your ideas about the world and society is not an easy task: you need to think about a lot, rethink, and draw conclusions. The functioning of the brain requires a huge amount of energy: in an adult, the share of brain metabolism from the total energy needs of the body is 9% during sleep, 20-25% during wakefulness and up to 30-40% during peak intellectual loads associated with stress.

Of course, it is not easy for a person exhausted by hard work and an unsettled life to allocate such resources in order to study, compare, compare and comprehend something.

Deception

Tobacco companies sponsor research demonstrating the harmlessness of smoking; oil producers are trying their best to discredit the influence of the anthropogenic factor on global warming; some crooks make money from books and lectures about how AIDS is a conspiracy among doctors, or that humans are descended from aliens; Manufacturers of “eco” products denigrate GMOs and fertilizers - so is it any wonder that politicians, who have gained complete control over the media, use them to their advantage?

So when we hear about 86% support for Putin, about the benefits of increasing retirement age, about the skyrocketing prestige of Russia on the world stage or about the growth of the economy, but at the same time we see with our own eyes that none of our friends voted for Putin, that out of all the men we know, only a few lived to retirement age, that in all neighboring countries the standard of living is times higher than ours, and that only our prices are rising should not be surprising.

In order to maintain the opportunity to embezzle billions of dollars with impunity, lies on TV are the least of evils.

Stupidity

Denialists don't just reject facts. In order to somehow reconcile their ideas with reality (the earth is flat, but GPS somehow works, Putin is a great statesman, but does not keep his promises, and we live worse and worse), they build theories that eliminate these contradictions.

Such theories can be constructed either by relying on a logical fallacy, or by referring to someone's conspiracy, or by doing both at the same time.

Therefore, “flat earthers” must be stupid enough not to understand the fact, obvious to every schoolchild, that if moving with a continuous acceleration of 1 g, the Earth would reach the speed of light in just 347 days (which, in turn, would require a revision of all known physics) and believe that all the pictures from space and the entire space program in general are part of a conspiracy to fool them.

In the same way, socio-political denialists most often do not know history and economics, and explain all obvious problems as sabotage on the part of the USA, the IMF, the “world government”, the “fifth column”, the “liberal bloc in the government” and other external and internal enemies.

Herding

Outbreaks of denialism often form local foci. For example, in the United States the topic of alien abductions is very common, but here this nonsense is not popular. Or vice versa, Americans do not believe that from cold water you can get sick (they get sick from an infection), but here we almost have a “cold”, even if it’s +30 outside.

This is due to the fact that misconceptions are transmitted like a virus during contact, especially emotionally intense ones. When a friend tells with sincere horror the story of how her child was vaccinated and became disabled, and then you read almost the same thing in an expensive glossy magazine, it makes an impression on those who were not interested in the real statistics of complications after vaccination.

When day after day you see dozens of people from TV, foaming at the mouth different people(presenters, “experts”, officials, “ordinary eyewitnesses”) talk about the Russian world, hostile foreign countries, crucified boys and getting up from your knees, when you communicate at work with the same fools, it’s difficult not to succumb to the desire to keep your head down, not to be a black sheep , do not go against friends and relatives.

What to do?

Combating denialism is an extremely difficult task, especially when it comes to combating political misconceptions.

A simple change of propaganda to the “correct” one does not destroy denialism, but only changes one misconception to another. For example, now many in Ukraine deny the similarity of the genotypes of Ukrainians and Russians, arguing that Russians are not even Slavs, but either Tatars or Finno-Ugric people.

Convincing denialists individually is also pointless. For example, “flat earthers” say that they will believe in a round Earth if they see it with their own eyes from space. But even if you launch one of them into space, spending about $20 million on it, this will not stop the rest from saying that he was bribed and is now participating in the conspiracy.

In the same way, political denialists who have renounced their errors are treated as traitors and defectors who sold themselves to the State Department for cookies.

Denialism, which has taken root in society, needs to be treated like a systemic chronic disease: long, tediously, with a bunch of expensive drugs at the same time:

Remove fear and negative emotions, offering people an attractive image of the future. Yes, not just to poke your nose at mistakes, but also to show the way to the “beautiful Russia of the future.” There is a problem here: it’s difficult to come up with something more attractive than United Russia’s pre-election lies.
Chew the facts, explain in extremely simple language what follows from them and how exactly this affects people’s lives.
Do not leave deception unexposed. Poking your nose at him over and over again. This, by the way, is the simplest thing - destroying deception is often much easier than creating it.
Educate people. This is very difficult and expensive. First of all, because you need to do this starting from school, and not when misconceptions are already firmly ingrained in your head.
“Touch” with the ideas of people isolated in their little world of “work-home-friends-TV.” A leaflet in the entrance, a post on a social network, a video on YouTube, a conversation in a smoking room, a picket on the street - there must be a lot of this in order to somehow compete in terms of intensity of impact with the TV. Well, or you’ll have to wait until “the refrigerator beats the TV,” but this is already quite the end.

Taking into account how persistently and for a long time political denialism of various kinds was implanted in our country and how difficult it is to fight it, we can say for sure that even after a complete change of the political system, its relapses will repeatedly force normal people flinch.

But the most important thing is to learn to recognize and prevent the symptoms of denialism in yourself. Fortunately, everything is simple here, you just need to follow simple rules:

Tell yourself once and for all that making mistakes is not a shame, it is a shame to persist in your mistakes. Of course, there will always be eccentrics who will happily rub your past mistakes in your face or call you a “traitor” for trying to give up your mistakes. Spit on them, no matter how close they are to you.
If you come across a paradoxical statement that turns your ideas about the world upside down, take the time to find out what it is based on and who shares it.
If it is put forward by one person (even with an academic degree and a Nobel Prize), do not rush to believe it, rely on the opinion of large and authoritative communities, best of all - scientific and international ones (learn English, finally!).
If the justification boils down to a conspiracy theory, discard the idea immediately, modern world everything secret becomes obvious too quickly.
If, despite all the precautions, you still make a mistake (sooner or later this will definitely happen), see point 1.

How many times have you asked the Universe to give you some kind of sign if something incredibly good or very bad were to happen? We desperately try to communicate with the Universe in every possible way, but often we do not know how to do this at all, or, even worse, we are completely unaware of how to understand the signs that it intensely sends us.

Sometimes we think to ourselves, “I felt like this was going to happen and it was a sign!” The good news is that there are still ways in which we can be in harmony with the Universe and can recognize all the signs. These signs are everywhere, they surround us everywhere, literally haunt us, and if we know where to look for them, how to see them and how to listen to them, then this is very good. Sometimes we receive messages about good things, but we also receive messages about bad ones. Here are 10 things you need to pay attention to in order to decode messages from the universe. This information will be useful to every person.

Do you feel your intuition sharpening?

When you feel that you are more open and more aware of what is happening around you, it means that you trust your intuition. Our intuition is very connected to the Universe. If you suddenly have a good or bad feeling about something or someone, stop and carefully analyze your thoughts. There is a reason why we feel the way we feel. This is because everything comes from energy and everything has its own vibration.

Some vibrations make us feel good, while others make us feel uneasy. This is because we interact with everything and everyone in the world. We exchange energy. Sometimes a look or body language gives us a lot of clues. Or even when you go to a certain place, the colors and environment, and the people in that place influence our own vibration in positive or negative ways.

You believe in yourself and the Universe

Sometimes we suddenly lose our skeptical attitude. We see that we have more faith, and we feel inspired, inspired, and begin to think much better. When the Universe sends us messages, it also sends us faith. However, this belief has nothing to do with religion. This is a feeling that we cannot describe, but we know that it exists, and it exists for a reason. We simply believe in it not because we need it, but because we understand that it is right.

You are more open to receiving answers.

When we know what to believe and when we give ourselves completely to the Universe, we can become even more open to receiving answers. It's important to be in common sense and be completely free from worries and fears, from judgments. All this blocks our intuition. Tell yourself that you are ready to accept absolutely everything that comes your way, and you will accept everything with ease. Are you ready to accept it?

You notice changes easily

Have you ever been in a situation where people point out small details to you and you wonder how they notice such little things? Sometimes someone describes certain situations with great accuracy, and this leads us to bewilderment. People who trust their senses and who are open to receiving information notice small details and changes very easily. At some point, certain actions occur that try to attract our attention. Sometimes we are too busy to look at them or listen to them, and sometimes we don't even pay attention to them. When you learn to accept signs from the Universe, you will find that you will be more aware of every detail around you, because you will notice it with ease.

You notice how certain events repeat, or how numbers repeat.

If you didn't notice the first time, you will definitely notice when it happens again and again and again. Some people, for example, constantly see 11:11. They notice this when they simply look at the clock at exactly that time. Moreover, this happens somehow unintentionally, and then they realize that it happened again. This can be any number. Sometimes certain events repeat themselves periodically and you realize that you continue to see the same thing, you are puzzled by the question of what it means for you. Of course, this is the Universe's way of sending you codes to decipher.

You hear a song or see a picture (or a word)

Sometimes you're thinking about someone and you happen to notice an ad or text that reminds you of that person. Or this person may call you. It happens that a person is thinking about something, and just the right song for this situation suddenly starts playing on the radio. Perhaps you were thinking about a loved one who passed away, and the song was your favorite composition. And it happens, it also happens that a person thinks about specific place and suddenly he sees something about this place on TV. If you cannot understand why this is happening at this particular moment, then write it all down in your notebook and be sure to note the time and date. You may see more signs that relate to something specific and begin to understand why it is happening.

Sudden illness

Sometimes when everything is going well, you suddenly feel sick. But you can't explain why this happens. Most likely, the Universe is trying to warn you about a possible negative situation. Maybe she's trying to stop you from meeting someone. Perhaps you are too busy and working on something that is not meant for you. When you feel empty, when you feel pain, take this time for granted to become aware of your life and figure out what may be wrong in your actions.

Negative remarks from some people

This happens for two reasons. Either the Universe is trying to show us its true face specific person, revealing his attitude towards us, or these remarks are a sign that we may find ourselves in an unpleasant or risky situation. It is appropriate to pay attention to negative things in the same way that we pay attention to positive things.

You have unexplained anger or strange anxiety

It also has to do with your intuition. When you feel some anxiety, you need to stop and understand what is wrong, because it is your intuition trying to communicate with you. Just breathe deeply, stop and try to see and identify what it is that makes you feel this way.

Lose or break something important

You are thinking about someone, suddenly there is a loud click - that's it, the thing is broken. Perhaps this is not just your clumsy behavior, perhaps it is the Universe trying to tell you something. It could also be that you are losing something important to you rather than breaking it. When you notice that you've lost something and can't find it, pay attention to who or what you were thinking about just before that moment. This may be a clue to help you figure it out.

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There is an opinion that we know absolutely nothing about our own ancestors. Dense myths still grow around ancient people, while scientists discuss sensational finds and discoveries among themselves. Do you believe that yetis are Neanderthals? modern man perfect in the eyes of nature? Where did the ancient giants live and why are pig organs transplanted into people if our relatives are monkeys?

Is modern man the crown of nature?

The idea seems obvious, but there is no evidence. Yes, one study found that people with Neanderthal genes have more elongated skulls. Otherwise, this “inheritance” is manifested not in appearance, but in the functioning of the immune system and a higher likelihood of the manifestation of certain diseases.

Is it true that ancient people were narrow-minded and wild creatures?

No. Neanderthals, who disappeared about 40 thousand years ago, already used language to communicate, made complex tools and painted their bodies with ocher. Their descendants, the Cro-Magnons, lived in tents, tamed dogs, made household utensils and jewelry, and practiced funeral rites.

Primitive people lived outside the norms of morality: they led a dissolute lifestyle and killed each other. Is that so?

Life in the natural world different types obeys certain rules. For example, chimpanzees fight among themselves, but rarely maim their fellow tribesmen, although they can kill relatives or other monkeys in real danger. However, their behavior in conflict is very different from the behavior of people in the 21st century.

Even modern hunter-gatherers have stricter morals than those in developed countries. This is confirmed by Stanislav Drobyshevsky, having talked with the Hadza, a tribe in East Africa: in their community everything is divided equally, lying is not practiced, there is no theft and envy. Read more about the life and culture of our ancestors Stanislav Drobyshevsky.

At what age did ancient people pass away?

Daily physical activity and injuries exhausted the body the most. Average duration The life of a Neanderthal was 30 years. But researchers have also found the remains of older people. The famous Neanderthal old man from Shanidar is an example of this: he did not have one eye and one arm, he limped, his back hurt very much, and his teeth were very worn out, but he lived long life thanks to the care of fellow tribesmen. At the time of his death he was just over 40 years old.

If our closest relatives are monkeys, why do they say that pig organs can be transplanted into humans?

Animal organs are not transplanted into people, although they have tried: in 1963, a chimpanzee kidney was first transplanted into a person, and the organ functioned for 9 months, and in 1994, the patient received a pig liver, and the organ worked for only 30 hours, after which it was rejected. Today it is known that even a human organ does not always take root inside another person, let alone an animal.

Moreover, when testing new treatments, scientists often use mouse cells. At the molecular level, there are not many differences between mice and humans: protein synthesis in all eukaryotes is carried out by the same ribosomes.

Why were people so tall before? Maybe we are descendants of ancient alien civilizations?

For more than half a century, science has known about Meganthropus and Gigantopithecus (up to 4 m tall), however, they are in no way connected with megalithic structures: they lived too long ago and were not interested in buildings. In addition, it has been proven that Stonehenge or the pyramid could have been built by people of our usual height and physical build.

If we consider the remains of our more developed ancestors, then we can confidently say that in comparison with them, it was we who grew up to be real giants. Large skull volume is not a sign of high growth: Australopithecus africanus was 1.5 m tall, although the size of the skull was larger than ours. Only the Cro-Magnons were close to us in height, reaching an average height of 183 cm. Brain volume and skull size decreased, but height and proportions increased due to a high quality of life, a rich diet, advanced medicine and the transition to a meat diet.

Is it true that our ancestors were vegetarians and therefore eating meat is unnatural?

Of course, modern traditional communities are not a copy of the ancient ones, and experts are aware of this. But these people preserved something from the ancient way of life. At least some of them make the same tools that archaeologists find at Stone Age sites. For example, the Australian Aborigines lived this way until quite recently.

To feel like you are in the place of an ancient or at least medieval person, you need to do like Pavel Sapozhnikov: go into the forest, build a hut there and live in it for several months without electricity, hot water, or even matches (if you have enough will).

Would you like to repeat the adventure of Pavel Sapozhnikov and stay face to face with wildlife, far from civilization?

Description of the presentation by individual slides:

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Read the text and complete tasks 1–3. (1) Although man has always known about the existence of fire, which can arise naturally in nature, it took thousands of years for people to learn how to independently produce fire and use it. (2) _____ people discovered that if you rub two wooden sticks against each other for a long time, they light up, and if you hit two stones against each other, sparks sometimes appear, and this discovery became one of the most important in the history of mankind: it allowed a person made fire himself when he needed to keep warm, scare away predatory animals, or cook food. (3) The ability to make fire allowed the development of new technologies in many areas of human activity, such as cooking and storing food, metal processing, glass and ceramics, leather processing, lighting, heating and much more.

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1. Which of the following sentences correctly conveys the MAIN information contained in the text? 1. When people discovered that if you rub two wooden sticks against each other for a long time, they light up, and if you hit two stones against each other, sparks sometimes appear, they made a great discovery. 2. The ability to make fire was one of the most important discoveries in the history of mankind, which ensured the further development of new technologies in many areas of activity. 3. For thousands of years, people tried to master fire and, having learned to make it, began to use it when they needed to keep warm, scare away predatory animals, or cook food. 4. The ability to use fire allowed people to cook and store food, process metals, make glass and ceramics, and tan leather. 5. Having learned to make fire, people made one of the most important discoveries, which subsequently ensured the development of new technologies in many areas of activity.

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2. Which of the following words (combinations of words) should appear in the gap in the second (2) sentence of the text? Write down this word (combination of words). 1. Therefore 2. Even 3. On the contrary 4. Ultimately 5. Because

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3. Read a fragment of a dictionary entry that gives the meaning of the word NATURE. Determine the meaning in which this word is used in sentence 1. Write down the number corresponding to this meaning in the given fragment of the dictionary entry. NATURE, -s, w. 1. Places outside cities, countryside (fields, forests, mountains). Admire nature. 2. The entire inorganic and organic world in its opposition to man. Nature conservation. Relationships between man and nature. 3. Everything that exists in the Universe, the organic and inorganic world. Study nature. 4. Transfer, what. Basic property, essence (book). The nature of social relations.

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4. In one of the words below, an error was made in the placement of stress: the letter denoting the stressed vowel sound was highlighted incorrectly. Write this word down. perceive the bows rings ahead of the jaws

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5. In one of the sentences below, the highlighted word is used INCORRECTLY. Correct the mistake and write the word correctly. 1. The cool summer rain filled the flowers and foliage of the trees, tired of the heat, with life-giving moisture. 2. The winner of the Foreign Language Olympiad was awarded a ticket to the international LANGUAGE camp. 3. In the estate, which before the revolution belonged first to Ivan Turgenev, and then to the OLD Botkin family, a meeting of the descendants of the former owners of the house took place. 4. Every person needs to REPLACE the lack of vitamins in their body in a timely manner. 5. When museum visitors find themselves in front of a painting in which the artist has depicted the streets of their hometown, they invariably get a strong feeling.

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6. In one of the words highlighted below, an error was made in the formation of the form. Correct the mistake and write the word correctly. with FOUR HUNDRED schoolchildren talented DIRECTORS at THEIR request Drive carefully RARE copy

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7 A) Immediately upon arrival in the village of Konstantinovo - the poet’s homeland - the schoolchildren went to the museum. B) On October 12, 1492, Columbus’s fleet, which consisted of three light ships for long-distance sailing, spotted a small island on the horizon. C) Usually, when creating your own work, it expresses the author’s attitude towards life and people. D) According to K.I. Chukovsky, the main goal of children's writers is that “we educate humanity in a child at any cost.” D) The human body, in which complex biochemical mechanisms operate, requires a daily supply of essential nutrients. 1) incorrect use of the case form of a noun with a preposition 2) a violation of the connection between the subject and the predicate 3) a violation in the construction of a sentence with an inconsistent application 4) an error in the construction of a sentence with homogeneous members 5) an incorrect construction of a sentence with an adverbial phrase 6) a violation in the construction of a sentence with participial phrase 7) incorrect construction of a sentence with indirect speech

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8. Identify the word in which the unstressed vowel of the root being tested is missing. Write down this word by inserting the missing letter M..darin zar..if you can accommodate the assumption..intelligent..intellectual

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9. Identify the row in which the same letter is missing in both words in the prefix. Write down these words by inserting the missing letter. pr..gradate, pr..live from..tear, n..write and..bend, ra..burn on..build, about..beat pr..press, pr..submit

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10. Write down the word in which the letter E is written in place of the gap. dry..vyy. touch..touch. diligent..vy. overnight... fasten... fasten.

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11. Write down the word in which the letter I is written in place of the gap.

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12. Find a sentence in which NOT is spelled CONCLUSION with the word. Open the brackets and write down this word. 1. In the lush greenery of the bush, a still (not) fully blossomed bud turned bright pink. 2. The musician (without) hesitation agreed to participate in the competition for young performers. 3. Alexey suddenly felt that he (didn’t) want to share his new experiences even with his closest friends. 4. (Don’t) fear a smart enemy, but fear a foolish friend. 5. You need to cherish (un)forgettable moments of communication with beauty.

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13. Find a sentence in which both highlighted words are spelled CONTINUOUSLY. Open the brackets and write down these two words. (DURING) the entire school year, the friends were actively involved in sports, (THEREFORE) they readily supported the coach in his desire to create a basketball team. (C)LEVA the picture depicts girls, boys, married women watching the capture of the fortress, and children are also crowding HERE. (NOT) DESPITE the increasing rain, the children still selflessly continued to play catch-up. TO achieve success in life, you need to be a well-organized person and, (IN) PLACE of fruitless observations of the activities of other people, actively act yourself. (C)OVER millennia, countless treasures of human thought and spirit accumulate and live forever in the word, (THUS) THIS is why you need to treat your native language with respect and care.

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14. Indicate all the numbers in whose place NN is written. The character of the painting, created by(1) the artist on the basis of a famous fairy-tale plot, is dressed in a brocade caftan and a red cap with a lapel; with his right hand he holds the ornaments(2) precious stones gilded (3) scabbard with a magic sword.

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15. Place punctuation marks. Indicate the numbers of sentences in which you need to put ONE comma. 1) Every blade of grass and leaf sparkled and smiled with drop eyes. 2) The bravest and luckiest horseman breaks through the ranks of the fortress’s defenders, breaks the snow wall and rushes into the town on horseback. 3) Language is the path of civilization and culture. 4) Everyone is interested in this fun and lively interesting and exciting game! 5) During the harsh years of the Great Patriotic War, the soulful songs of Mikhail Isakovsky helped fight the enemy and strengthened faith in victory.

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16. Place punctuation marks: indicate all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentence. Just as different streets (1) passing into one another (2) form a whole city, so a series of sentences (3) related in meaning and grammatically (4) constitute a text.

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17. Place punctuation marks: indicate all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in sentences. Birches and aspens (1) seem to (2) run down the gently sloping bank to the river carrying its waters into the distance. This (3) seemingly (4) unremarkable landscape under Levitan’s brush turns into an amazing poetic image.

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18. Place punctuation marks: indicate all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentence. In the evenings, couples in love walked along the shady alley (1) in the depths (2) of which (3) there was a dark gazebo (4).

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19. Place punctuation marks: indicate all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentence. At first the dog all the time (1) ran ahead of the hunter (2) but (3) as soon as she sensed the game (4) her steps slowed down and became creeping.

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(1) My childhood was wonderful. (2) As a child, there was no money, there was no interesting work, but all this was a matter of gain. (3) But in childhood there was a father and mother. (4) In our family, the father always reigned with his unquestioned authority. (5) There was no place for the mother in boys' games. (6) Of course, I could not live without her breakfasts, lunches and dinners, but it was so ordinary that it was unnoticeable... (7) Tenderness was not accepted in our family. (8) We didn’t kiss mom before bed and didn’t say in a fit of feelings: - I love you... (9) Did I tell her this at least once? (10) Life was so filled with important things that there was no room left for the ordinary: I ran home for a minute, had a snack - and again to where friends, games and passions are. (11) Ninety percent of me consisted of my mother’s worries, but I didn’t notice them, just as we don’t feel and don’t see the air we breathe at all. (12) My mother and I lived nearby, but as if in different worlds. (13) These worlds came into contact only once, when a story happened that turned out to be more interesting than all the adventures and undertakings: playing football, shooting from a self-propelled gun and launching rockets. (14) Mom usually spent time at the stove, in the bathroom or on the sofa - reading books I remember crying over Dostoevsky’s “Poor People.”

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(15) But sometimes she suddenly jumped up from the sofa, full of energy and ready for exploits. (16) She was attracted by business activity; her mother was full of the most daring business plans. (17) She loved to say: “We lived poorly - that’s enough!” (18) But her business was usually limited to dreams and laughter. (19) She shared her plans with her loved ones, and they laughed at her. (20) And in vain, because the main thing for the author of the project is self-confidence, and criticism from loved ones can destroy the sprouts of the most brilliant undertakings. (21) And yet one day my mother was able to captivate me with her plan. (22) It was about flying on an airplane! (23) I was assigned the role of an assistant: in the morning she bought three buckets of cherries at our market, we boarded a plane and half an hour later we found ourselves in the regional center, where these same cherries could be sold for considerable profit! (24) The prospect of flying on an airplane seemed so tempting to me that I decided to support my mother in spite of all my doubts. (25) At six o’clock in the morning, we, helping each other, shifting buckets of purchased cherries from hand to hand, dragged ourselves to the airfield. (26) On a bare field there was a trailer and a couple of green “corn husks” were spending the night.

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(27) We climbed into the belly of the airplane, placed buckets under our feet, and after a short run, we soared into the air with a terrible rumble. (28) We didn’t rise above the clouds, but even the height of a couple of hundred meters at which the flight took place was breathtaking. (29) The green earth hung below us, rounded at the edges and swaying from side to side, like a huge Christmas tree decoration - a ball on a string. (Z0) Fields and meadows ran below us until we saw the chimneys and houses of a large city below. (31) With a whistle in our ears, holding buckets of cherries in our shaking hands, we stepped onto the concrete field of the airfield. (32) The end of our business project was inglorious: it turned out that here at the central market cherries go for the same price as at our bazaar. (ZZ) Now it seems to me that this was my mother’s most successful enterprise, the most successful undertaking: the money invested in this project turned into feelings. (34) My mother and I were connected by a business in which the worlds of adults and children came into contact and thanks to which I can now feel her character in mine: I also love to read and dream about great things, and then I also jump up and go to storm the sky in search of the best share in the market today. (35) Unless I sell cherries...